平遙古城英語導(dǎo)游詞
平遙古城位于山西省中部平遙縣內(nèi)，始建于西周宣王時期。山西平遙被稱為“保存最為完好的四大古城”之一，也是中國僅有的以整座古城申報世界文化遺產(chǎn)獲得成功的兩座古城市之一。下面就是小編整理的平遙古城英語導(dǎo)游詞，一起來看一下吧。
諸位游客，大家好。
ladies and gentleman,good morning!welcome to shanxi!its my great honour to stand here to be your tour guide,please allow me introduce myself, my name is z,u can call me Doris too.the man who sitting beside me is our driver Mr li ,he has more than ten year’s experience in driving so all of u are in the safe hand.we will do our best to make your tour pleasant and enjoyable .
我國歷史文化名城平遙就要到了，右前方那高聳的磚墻就是我國現(xiàn)存較為完整的四座古城池之一平遏城。1997年12月3日，聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)委員會通過決議，將我國云南省麗江古城、山西省平遙古城和江蘇省蘇州古典園林列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》�，F(xiàn)在大家可以觀賞一下古城的遠(yuǎn)景和比較完整的外觀。
okay,now,the ancient city of pingyao is nearly there.the ancient city of pingyao has a long history.it was built in the Western Zhou Dynasty.In december of 1997,the ancient city of Pingyao was listed into the "World Cultural Heritage List".
現(xiàn)在這座平遙城始建于何時，歷史上沒有明確記載。在漫長的歷史歲月中．這里曾有過她的繁華，也曾多次遭受戰(zhàn)火的破壞。我們現(xiàn)在看到的這座城墻，是明代洪武三年，即1370年把原來的土城墻加高加厚加磚擴(kuò)建而成的，明清以來雖曾數(shù)次維修，但風(fēng)格未變。
there wasnt any accurate record about when this acient city what we see now have been build.during the long history,it has experienced prosperous and also has witnessed many battles.the city walls that we see,which is extended the old city walls in Ming Dynasty .eventhough it have been overhaouled many times in Qing Dynasty,but its style has never changed.
平遙城內(nèi)古建筑保存很多，像文廟大成殿、清虛觀、市樓、城隆廟、武廟戲臺等。就是街道民居．也基本保存明清時代風(fēng)貌。漫步街頭，還會看到各種古色古香的院門、院埔、精雕細(xì)刻的古建筑裝飾，甚至還能看到門前的接馬石樁、下馬石等，一派古城風(fēng)貌。
the city saved many ancient buildings.especially the domestic house on the streets,it remained the basic flavor of ming and qing dynasty.when u walking down the street,u will see many antique gate,richly carved ancient decoration.
(過惠濟(jì)橋)
我們現(xiàn)在正行駛在惠濟(jì)橋上，惠濟(jì)橋是一座九拱石橋，修建于清代康熙年間，同治年間重建。清代名宿傅山先生曾親筆為它寫道碑記。這座橋規(guī)模不等大．歷史也不算很長，但造型優(yōu)美．橋面平坦，沒有像一般石橋那樣高高隆起，便于車馬行走。而且更有一個奇處，就是這座橋下還有一座橋。下面的橋不見文字記載，人們原來也不知道。1977年8月，一場暴雨造成特大洪災(zāi)，滾滾洪水帶走了不少淤積多年的河沙。水退后，人們驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)：原來惠濟(jì)橋疊架在舊橋的橋面上，形成橋上橋的奇觀。利用舊橋做新橋的牢固基礎(chǔ)，既節(jié)省財力、人力，又省時間，多聰明的構(gòu)思叼!這在造橋史上也是一個奇跡。
now we are walking on the Huiji bridge,this is a stone bridge with nine arches which has been build in Qing dynasty.its history not so long,but it has beautifully shaped,and a flat surface.its easy for walking on there.morover,there is another bridge under this one,it has been found because a heavy downpour.the flood taken away the river sand.the old briage was used as the foundation of the new briage.this is a miracle in briage building history.
平遙古城到了．請大家隨我上城墻參觀。
(帶游客進(jìn)“下東門”)
這里就是乎遙古城的“下東門”。大家看這高達(dá)12米的城墻多雄偉、多壯觀。在城外，本來還有護(hù)城河．城門處架有吊橋．在古代戰(zhàn)亂的日子里．這的確是一道難以逾越的防線。
this is the Taihe gate ,we could see this ten-meter high wall .It is magnificent.there was a moat outside the city,and there was a suspension bridge over this gate.in those days of the scourge of war,this is an impenetrable[im'penitrbl] barrier .
我們進(jìn)來后這個地方是下東門甕城，它是為保衛(wèi)城門而設(shè)立的。城門是城墻上的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，有了甕城．就大大增強(qiáng)了城池的防衛(wèi)手段。這里地方根小，四周為高墻圍護(hù)，即便敵人攻入甕城也只能進(jìn)來少數(shù)人，而且立即陷入包圍之中，成為甕中之鱉。有的甕城門并不是開在城門對面，而是拐個彎開在旁邊．更可防止沖入的敵兵一較作氣沖到城門下．通過拐彎來消解敵兵銳氣。這些設(shè)計思想都是古人在長期實戰(zhàn)經(jīng)驗中總結(jié)出來的。
after we came in ,this is a small town outside the Taihe gate.it build for defend the gate.gate is the weak link over the city wall.this small town did a lot to protect this city.the space in here is small,only a small moiety of the enemy could attact inside.then they were trapped ,just like turtles in a jar.
大家看．甕城里還有一個建造講究而小巧的院落．這是干什么的呢?原來這是一座小關(guān)帝廟。關(guān)帝是武圣人．把關(guān)廟修進(jìn)甕城里，卻是平遙人的獨(dú)特創(chuàng)造。請大家隨我進(jìn)城，上城墻參觀。
we could see a small yard build decorated in the small town outside the city gate.that was a Guandi Temple before.guanyu is a military sage in ancient Chinese sages.on the whole,every chinese admire him,include me.but in this place they build guandi temple inside the small town ,that is a unique creation,different from other places.now,lets go up and have a look.
現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)在城上了，這里本來還有城樓．在戰(zhàn)爭中毀掉了。這座建在城墻上的臺，傳說就是尹吉甫的點將臺。尹吉甫是周宣王的大將，在歷史上游藩有名，《律經(jīng)沖的《較高》、《冠R2等幾首詩就是他作的、前面提到的那有名的對北方游牧民族0l猶的北伐，就是由他指揮的。為了鞏固北伐的成果，他還在這里修建了京陵城。尹吉甫遺跡這里還有多處。在京陵村附近還有一處村茁叫尹村，傳說是尹吉甫當(dāng)年駐兵酌地方。在上東門外有尹吉甫募，募前一通明代石碑上大書“周卿士ZJ吉甫神道”八字。上東門里還有一座紀(jì)念尹吉甫的小廟。
now we are here,there could be have a city-gate tower before,but it had been ruined in the war.the tower build on the wall was used for Yijifu ,a very famous general in ancient china,exhorted his men to fight well in the war.
請大家隨我觀賞一下古城的建構(gòu)。
now please come with me ,lets have a close look at the structure of the ancient city.
(帶游客向南浸步．邊走邊說，約走2—3個墩臺即可停下)
我們看城墻上兩邊各有一道短堵，叫女兒墻，為什么叫女兒墻呢?宋代官府編寫的《營造法式》上有個書面解釋：“言其卑小。比之于城，若女子與丈夫也�！币馑际钦f城墻高大厚實，保偉丈夫；女墻單薄短小，像弱女子。民間有的地方卻流傳著這樣的故事：早先城上并沒有女兒墻，有一次一個老人被拉來做工，和他相依為命的小孫女也天天隨他來到城上．坐在旁邊觀看。一天，一位累極了的民工昏昏沉沉中競走到城墻邊上，小女孩伯他掉下城去，用力向里推他，不料用力過大，民工雖得救了，小女孩卻摔死了。為了紀(jì)念她，工匠們在城上修起了矮墻，并把它叫做女兒墻。這實在是個感人的故事，但確實說明了女兒墻的保護(hù)性功能。我們看：兩邊的女兒場并不一樣，向外的女兒墻上還修筑了垛口，垛口還留著供臆望和射擊使用的.小孔．這當(dāng)然是為了實戰(zhàn)的需要。
we could see,there is a short wall on each side of the city walls.it called parapet.we can say it " girls wall"too.compared with the city walls,this short wall is too weak,just like a weaker girl.about this there is a story has been going round:there isnt girls wall in the city walls earlier,once,a old man was enforced to came to build the city walls.he brought his little granddaughter came with him too.one day,a rural worker who looked very tired,he steped into the edge of the city walls unconscious,the old man's granddaughter afraid of him will fall down,so she pushed him back out of the edge,but she make too strenuous efforts,she saved the rural worker but the little girl slipped and dropped to her death.So the craftsmen build the short wall and named it "girls wall" in memory of that little girl.this is a moving story,its main purpose is telling the protective function of the short walls.we can discover the short walls in both side is quite different.they build a fort in the short wall in the side which is outward ,it also keep ostiole for looking out and shooting,that in order to met the demond of war.
大家都注意到了，城墻每閑一段，就有一個向外突出的部分，這叫做墩臺．墩臺是干什么的呢7它是保衛(wèi)城墻的。我們知道．古代攻守城他的主要武器是弓箭和彎機(jī)，上面既可射下去，下面也可射上來，因此守城的士兵輕易不敢探出身去。這樣，城墻腳下反麗成丁防御的死角。有了墩臺．就可以彌補(bǔ)這個不足、從三面組成一個強(qiáng)大的立體射擊網(wǎng)，城防力量大大加強(qiáng)。在每個塌臺上，還修有一座敵樓，上面有孔，也是為觀察和射擊用的。
i think most people may already noticed that ,there is a part outward on the Wall spaced at regular distances from one another.it called pier,what does it used for?it used for protect the walls.we know that,bow and arrow and bending machine was the most important weapon in ancient times,not only they could shot an arrow downside,but the people who stood under the walls could also shot up here.so ,those soldiers couldnt leaned out thier body readily.so if we had a pier,we had a three dimensions net for shot.therfore the city walls is closely guarded.there is a watchtower on each pier,it has ostiole in there too,it used for looking out and shooting.
干遙古城除了具備這些共性持點外，還有自己獨(dú)特的地方。
except those common character,the city also have its unique place.
城墻本是戰(zhàn)爭的產(chǎn)物，平逗人卻偏偏喜歡給抹上一層濃濃的文化色彩．把象征文化星官的魁星樓修在丁城墻東南角上(指形狀獨(dú)特的魁星樓)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，古城上共有3000個垛口、72廢敵樓，那是象征著文圣人孔夫子的三千弟子七十二賢人。
the city walls is the outcome of the war,but the people in there like cast it a richly multi-cultural.they build a building which is the symbol of culture at the Southeastern Corner of the city walls.this is a place for warship,the god in there will bless them to be excelled in their examination ,so that they could bring prestige and honour to their families and clansmen.According to statistics,there are 3000 forts and 72 watchtowers in this walls.It is symbolic of 3000 of Confucian disciples and 72 of Confucian wise men.
乎遙俯視似龜形，歷來有龜城之稱．據(jù)說是取神龜壽水長存之意。全城六座城門，南門似頭，城門和甕城外門都向南．任龜首自由伸縮，北門似尾，甕城外門拆而東向，好儡龜尾東甩：東西各二門似龜腳．三座甕城外門拐向南開，好像神龜正續(xù)緩伸腿屈肢向前爬行，只有咱們剛才進(jìn)來的下東門甕城外門不向南拐而向東開，傳說是伯神龜爬向別處，所以用一根無形的繩索把左后腳牢車地拴在城東Lo公里的麓臺塔上，把這條腿都拉宜了。在南門外左右各有一口井，人們說那就是神龜?shù)囊粚γ髁恋难劬�。在市中心，也就是龜心的位置，還修有一座市樓，就是我們看到的那座高踞眾屋之上的樓，在市樓樓頂兩坡上，還用黃、藍(lán)兩色琉璃瓦拼出雙喜字相壽字，它充分體現(xiàn)了古城獨(dú)特的文化氛圍，表達(dá)了乎迢人民良好的愿望，這可以說是龜城城建構(gòu)思的畫龍點暗之作了。
this city have a reputation of being a turtle that is because when we took a overlook of pingyao,its shape just like a turtle.as is known to all ,turtle is a longevous animal,the people who lived here must be hope this meaningful symbol could protect their homes exist forever.there are six gates in this city ,South gate is like the head of this big turtle. North Gate like the tail, the West Gate and East Gate are like the turtle's foot.there is a well in eachside out of the south gate,it says they are turtles clear eyes.there is a high building in the center of this turtle,on the top of that building,they putting yellow and blue coloured glaze together in two Chinese character ,which could express in english with "pleased "and "longevity".its best illustrates its special atmosphere of culture.
乎遙城內(nèi)文物眾多，西南方向那一片覆蓋琉璃的建筑，就是城隍廟、財神廟建筑群，近處觀看，可以見到它館角高挑、群昂飛動、油漆彩繪的壯麗景色。在它附近很顯眼的那座現(xiàn)代大樓是平適中學(xué)教學(xué)樓。文廟大成殿就在校園內(nèi)，從這里看不清蔑。為保護(hù)原來的風(fēng)貌，古城中一般是不準(zhǔn)建樓的，干迢人卻為學(xué)校破例修了一座教學(xué)樓，足見對教育的重視。平迢中學(xué)也不負(fù)眾望，一直以優(yōu)異的成績保持著這所省級重點中學(xué)在省內(nèi)的領(lǐng)先地位.
numerous precious cultural relics keep in the ancient city of pingyao. the construction coverd with coloured glaze situated in the southwest part is the Temple of Town God and the temple of the god of the wealth.its have beautiful shaped and magnificent view.and those modern construction beside them is pingyao middle school.As a general rule,build buildings is forbidden in this ancient city.but this is a exception.on the face of it,they take their education seriously.
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