to be用法的總結
to be用法的總結
動詞不定式可以作以上各種成分,但它畢竟是動詞,所以有動詞的屬性
動詞不定式及其短語還可以有自己的賓語、狀語,雖然動詞不定式在語法上沒有表面上的直接主語,但它表達的意義是動作,這一動作一定由使動者發(fā)出.這一使動者我們稱之為 邏輯主語,其形式如下:
主動形式 被動形式
一般式 (not) to make (not) to be made
完成式 (not) to have made ( not) to have been made
進行式 (not) to be making (not)to have been making
(1)語態(tài)
如果動詞不定式的邏輯主語是這個不定式所表示的動作的承受者,不定式一般要用被動語態(tài)形式.如:
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主語)
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主語)
I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作賓語)
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定語)
He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作狀語)
在There be結構中,修飾主語的不定式可用被動,也可用主動.如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有時兩種形式表達的意思不同,如:These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)
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