Key phrases
1.make a contribution to 2.make a difference
3.help with doing 4.have company
5.inspire sb. to do 6.concentrate on
7.improve one’s grades 8.apply for
9.have big hearts 10.be eager to do
11.have a great/good time doing 12.poverty relief
13.open up 14.build confidence
15.go without 16.promote awareness of hunger
17.fit in 18.without payment
19.make an adjustment to sth. / adjust (oneself) to sth/doing
20.go out of fashion 21.have a reputation for
22.approve of sth/doing 23.be through
24. in many aspects
Vocabulary
1. acknowledge vt. 為。。。表示感謝，承認(rèn)。
acknowledgement n.
sth.
doing
acknowledge sth/sb to be + adj/n
sth/sb. as + n.
that clause
①對(duì)手們承認(rèn)輸了.
The opponents acknowledged defeat.
having been defeated.
that they were defeated.
②大家公認(rèn)他是世界最佳球員.
He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world.
as the best player in the world.
It is widely acknowledged that he is the best player in the world.
③我對(duì)本地幾家企業(yè)的資助表示感謝.
I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local business.
The opponents acknowledged that they were defeated. 對(duì)手們承認(rèn)輸了。
2. beneficial adj. 有利[益]的(to)
be beneficial to有益于
Sunshine is beneficial to plants. 陽(yáng)光對(duì)植物有益。
Benefit vt 有益于
新鮮空氣對(duì)你有益。 ____________________________________________.
他的發(fā)明有益于全世界。__________________________________________.
vi. 獲益 受益 （from） __________________________________________.
n. 利益， 好處；恩惠。Be of great benefit to sb. ______________________.
這本書對(duì)學(xué)生很有幫助。_______________________________________.
3. make contributions / a contribution to 對(duì)。。。做出貢獻(xiàn)（捐贈(zèng)）
Thomas Edison ______________________________________ the world. 托馬斯 愛迪生為世界做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。
It is our duty to make a contribution to ____________________________. 為環(huán)保做貢獻(xiàn)是我們的義務(wù)。
其他常見帶介詞to 的短語(yǔ)歸納：
Be used to 習(xí)慣于； be given to 沉溺于； be related to 與。。。相關(guān)； get down to 著手做； lead to 導(dǎo)致； object to 反對(duì)；put one’s mind to 全神貫注于； be equal to 勝任； be opposed to 反對(duì)； devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于； give rise to 引起； look forward to 盼望； pay attention to 注意； stick to 堅(jiān)持； attend to 處理，照料； lead to 通向； see to 負(fù)責(zé)； access to 接近， 進(jìn)入（某地的）方法； be addicted to 沉溺于，對(duì)。。。上癮； contribute to 為。。。做貢獻(xiàn)。
4. worthwhile 值得的
Worthwhile , worth, worthy 區(qū)別
Worthwhile 強(qiáng)調(diào)“值得花時(shí)間或精力”。基本句式是：It is worthwhile doing / to do something . 例如：
參觀這個(gè)博物館是值得的。 ____________________________________________
Hangzhou is a beautiful place, it is worthwhile going/to go there. ________________
Helping old people is a worthwhile activity. 幫助老人是一項(xiàng)很有意義的活動(dòng)
Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion. 謝謝你提出的好建議。
Worth 強(qiáng)調(diào)“某事值得做或表示物品的價(jià)值”。不可作定語(yǔ)，基本句式是：sth be worth something 或sth be worth doing 。 如：
The book is (well ) worth reading. 這本書值得讀。
Worthy 強(qiáng)調(diào)“應(yīng)該得到（尊重，信任，表彰等）”，不表示價(jià)值。 基本句式是：be worthy of something/ being done , be worthy to be done.
His courage was worthy of high praise. 他的勇氣值得贊許。
廣州值得去看一看。Guangzhou is worthy of a visit
of being visited
to be visited.
The school has graduated many worthy young people. 這間學(xué)校培養(yǎng)了許多優(yōu)秀的年輕人。
Those who reject us are not worthy to be called our friends.背棄我們的人不值得做我們的朋友。
A worthy friend 一位可敬的朋友
5. fit in (with sb/sth) 與。。。合得來(lái)，適應(yīng)
fit in 適應(yīng)，協(xié)調(diào)
fit in with sth./ sb. 與。。。相適應(yīng)； 與。。。合得來(lái)/處得融洽
fit sb./sth in 找到時(shí)間（見某人、做某事）
be fit for sb./sth.
be fit to do
①When he arrived in Tibet , he had some problems _________________________.
②Do these plans ______________________your arrangements?
③He tried to ___________________ others, but it was difficult.
④Doctor White can _________________ on Wednesday afternoon.
⑤He is the best person to ____________________ the position.
He’s never done this type of work before; I’m not sure how he’ll fit in with the other people. 他過去從未干過這種工作，很難說(shuō)他是否會(huì)與其他人配合得好。
Where do I fit in? 哪里有我適合的地方？
Do these plans fit in with your arrangements? 這些計(jì)劃和你的安排沖突嗎？
6. due to 因…引起；可歸于… caused by 不可放在句首
This accident was due to his carelessness.
這次事故是由于他的疏忽引起。
His illness was due to overwork. 他的病是由于工作過度。
He arrived late due (owing) to the storm. 由于暴風(fēng)雨他來(lái)晚了。
寫出六個(gè)表原因的同義詞組：
______________________ ____________________ ______________________
______________________ ____________________ _______________________
6 whereas conj.
(公文用語(yǔ))有鑒于; 而, 卻, 倒; 其實(shí), 反之
Whereas the peoples of the colonies have been burdened with taxes... 鑒于各殖民地民眾備受重稅負(fù)擔(dān)之苦....
They want a house, whereas we would rather live in a flat.
他們想要一座房子, 而我們寧愿住在一套房間里。
Some people like coffee, whereas others like tea.
有人喜歡咖啡,然而也有人喜歡茶。
Some people like fatty meat, whereas others hate it.
有些人喜歡肥肉,而有些人卻不喜歡。
Whereas the following incidents have occurred ...
鑒于下列事件業(yè)已發(fā)生...
Language points in the passage
1. make a, no, some, etc. difference (to / in sb/sth) 有（或沒有，有些等） 作用，關(guān)系，影響
The rain didn’t make much difference to the game. 這場(chǎng)雨對(duì)比賽沒什么影響。
Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 你能否得到工作與年齡有關(guān)。
Changing schools made a big difference to my life. 轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)對(duì)我一生有重大影響�！�
What difference will it make if he knows or not? 他知不知道有什么關(guān)系嗎？
I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what colour it is (= it is not important). 我認(rèn)為顏色無(wú)關(guān)緊要�！�
‘Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?’ ‘It makes no difference (to me).’我們周五還是周六走。無(wú)所謂�！�
2. open up 暢所欲言 ；開拓，開辟；開業(yè)，營(yíng)業(yè)
It helps to discuss your problems but I find it hard to open up. 與人談?wù)撟约好媾R的問題固然有益，可我覺得有些話說(shuō)不出口。
The railway opened up the east of the country. 鐵路使國(guó)家東部不再閉塞。
Exciting possibilities were opening up for her in the new job. 新工作為她帶來(lái)了令人興奮的發(fā)展前途。
I open up the store for the day at around 8.30. 我的店每天早上大約8.30開業(yè)。
3. starve 常用搭配：starve to death 餓死；starve for sth 渴望得到某物；
如：The engine was starved of petrol and wouldn’t start. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)沒有油了，啟動(dòng)不了�！�
In recent years the Department has been starved of financial resources. 在近來(lái)幾年部里非常需要金融方面的資源�！�
4. remain （系動(dòng)詞）仍然
to remain silent / standing / seated / motionless 依然沉默/站著/坐著/一動(dòng)不動(dòng)
Train fares are likely to remain unchanged. 火車票很可能會(huì)保持不變。
It remains true that sport is about competing well, not winning. 體育重在勇于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而不是獲勝，一向如此。
[v-n] In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends. 盡管有過爭(zhēng)吵，他們?nèi)允亲詈玫呐笥选?/p>
He will remain (as) manager of the club until the end of his contract. vi. 留下，剩下
Very little of the house remained after the fire. 火災(zāi)之后，房子所剩無(wú)幾。
There were only ten minutes remaining. 只剩下10分鐘了。
vi. 仍需去做（處理）
Much remains to be done. 還有許多事要做。
It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你說(shuō)的對(duì)不對(duì)還有待證實(shí)。
There remained one significant problem. 還有一個(gè)非常重要的問題。
[v (that)] I feel sorry for her, but the fact remains (that) she lied to us. 我為她感到難過，可事實(shí)是她對(duì)我們?nèi)鲋e了。
高考相關(guān)
1. (NMET 95) If you work with strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is.
A whatever B however C wherever D whenever
2. (NMET 97)It is generally considered unwise to give a child ___ he or she wants.
A however B whatever C whichever D whenever
3. （NMET 2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.
A to see B to be seen C seeing D seen
Fill in the blank with proper phrases.
1. The students in the remote village school study hard. They _________________ learn whatever is new to them.
2. I _________________ chatting online with lots of different people involved with the university.
3.It is time that we______________________protecting the environment.
4. He’s never done this type of work before; I’m not sure how he’ll ______________ the other people.
5. Long skirts____________________________ this spring.
6.How long can a human being _________________________sleep?
7. Although the remote Tibetan area of Yunnan was very different from Guangdong, he had no problems _______________________ his new life.
8.This matter is very urgent. Please deal with it _________________________.
下面是對(duì)中學(xué)生對(duì)志愿工作的看法的調(diào)查表，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面所給的詞匯和短語(yǔ)寫一篇英語(yǔ)小短文。
70%的學(xué)生贊成參加志愿工作 為社會(huì)作貢獻(xiàn)，幫助別人是一件很有意義的工作，帶來(lái)很多個(gè)人利益，為日后的工作獲得寶貴的技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，為自己創(chuàng)造機(jī)遇，增強(qiáng)信心、自覺意識(shí)、良好的交際能力和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能
25%的學(xué)生不愿意從事志愿工作 無(wú)報(bào)酬，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，耽誤學(xué)習(xí)
5%的學(xué)生無(wú)明確態(tài)度 漠不關(guān)心
make a contribution to , benefit, open up, approve of, no matter how…, worthwhile,
without payment, leadership
Different students have different attitudes toward voluntary work.
70% of the students approve of doing voluntary work. The consider that it can make a contribution to society and it is a worthwhile job to help others. It can also bring personal benefits and will contribute to their future because they can gain valuable experience and skills for their future career. Voluntary work often opens up opportunities for them, build confidence, self-awareness, good communication skills and leadership ability.
25% of the students disapprove of doing voluntary work. They think the work is done without payment and it is a waste of time.
The rest of the students don’t have clear attitude to it , nor do they care about it.
I think each of us should make a contribution to society. No matter how small it is, it will help make a difference.