--湖北省應(yīng)城市楊嶺高中楊 柳老師
高考英語閱讀理解的分值高達45分幾乎占了整套試卷的三分之一。近幾年高考閱讀理解的閱讀量呈逐漸擴大趨勢，選項詞量增加的幅度大于短文詞量增加的幅度，且閱讀速度進一步提高，整卷的考查重點是閱讀材料，而閱讀理解重點檢測我們的語篇領(lǐng)悟能力，將測試的基本點定于語篇分析選材多樣，突出實際運用，內(nèi)容貼近生活，寓于交際，具有很強的思想性、時代性和實用性，涉及了社會文化、教育、科普、日常生活各個領(lǐng)域。
下面談?wù)劯呖荚囶}中的議論文的閱讀技巧、方法
議論文，有論點，有事實。作者往往根據(jù)一些很普通的事實，通過嚴謹?shù)乃季S，縝密的推理得出一個具有普遍性或指導(dǎo)性的觀點。該類文章邏輯性強，命題往往從事實的有關(guān)細節(jié)以及文章的主旨或作者的表達意圖等方面著手，考查我們的思維能力和判斷能力。
英語文章講究使用主題段或主題句。主題段通常在文章開頭，簡要概括文章的中心思想，主題句可能在一段的開頭交待該段的中心意思，再由全段展開或討論這個意思。主題句也可能在中間或末尾，由全段展開討論后歸納總結(jié)出來。段與段之間常用詞語連接，承上啟下，使文章行文連貫，為了深化主題，作者可能用許多方法來寫。議論文的閱讀和其它體裁的文章閱讀一樣，可以有以下幾種出題方式：1。主旨大意；2。細節(jié)理解；3。推理判斷等；4。詞義理解。
1．主旨大意題。主旨大意題是專門檢查對短文整體理解程度的。每篇文章都有主題句表明其主題(中心)思想。常見的問題有：
(1) From the passage we know that ______.
(2) The best title of the passage should be ______.
(3) The main idea of the Paragraph is to _______.
(4) The main purpose of the passage is to _______.
(5) Which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?
在回答此類問題時，要找出文章的主題句，這些主題句常常在短文的開頭或結(jié)尾處，在這兩個地方很容易找到它們。那些錯誤的答案干擾項有的太籠統(tǒng)，有的則太具體，片面，不能恰當?shù)胤从扯涛牡闹行乃枷搿?/p>
2．細節(jié)理解題。細節(jié)題主要是檢查與主題思想有關(guān)的細節(jié)。常見的問題形式有：
(1) According to the passage, the author mentions _______.
(2) Which of the following does the author discuss?
(3) Choose the right order of the events.
細節(jié)問題詢問的是作者說了些什么，其答案在本文中已明確表述過，此時最好的辦法就是在文中找出相關(guān)的細節(jié)，雖然答案中有的細節(jié)在文中很清楚，但可能與問題無關(guān)。如果問題采用的是反向思維，題中含有not 或except等表示否定意義的詞，則要更加注意。
3．推理判斷題。推理判斷題主要是提問那些在文中未說明，但已特別暗示的內(nèi)容。題目的要求常是這樣的：
(1) This article is particularly written for ______.
(2) The writer is trying to tell us ______.
(3) When the writer says----, he really means ______.
(4) The writer regards -----as ______.
(5) The writer’s attitude toward ----is _______.
做推理判斷題時，要透過字里行間把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵，客觀地反映文章的思想，克服主觀臆想。特別注意那些最能反映句子之間，段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系的連詞。深刻而準確地把握文章 的重點內(nèi)容。
4．詞義理解題。英語詞語的詞意非常豐富，語境不同，詞意也不同，要用心揣摩在上下文中的含義。常見的問題形式有：
(1) The author uses the word “……” to mean ______.
(2) According to the passage , “……” probably means _____
(3) The word “……” in paragraph ---- refers to _______.
(4) The underlined word “……” means ______.
(5) The underlined phrase “……” means _____.
詞義理解題中的詞往往一詞多義，可以采用利用上下文中說話者的語氣推測其意義；在特定的語境中，進行邏輯推理的方式也可以獲得合理的信息。
總之，上述關(guān)于議論文閱讀理解的方法與技巧看起來挺費時，但事實上相反，只要我們平時練習時多加注意，形成習慣，這種方法則會成為我們閱讀理解最省時，最可靠的一種。
Text A
HONG KONG----Students from Hong Kong and Taiwan are clamoring(喧鬧) for places in mainland universities following China’s accession to the World Trade Organization, a news report said on Monday.
The number of students from Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao applying for postgraduate course on the Chinese mainland leapt(躍過)71.5 per cent in 2001 to 1,828, according the Hong Kong based South China Morning Post.
The number of Hong Kong students applying for degree places on the mainland has risen from 40 in 1992 to 252 last year, according to the territory’s (邊境) examinations authority.
While the number of Taiwan applicants has exceeded(超過) 700, more than double last year，s total of 296, Xinhua reported.
The most popular universities are Beijing’s Peking University and Qinghua University, where US President George W. Bush delivered a speech to students on February 23, Jinan University in Guang zhou, Shanghai’s Fudan University and the Shanghai Medical University .
The newspaper quoted Deng Penghuai, head of School of International Education Tianjin University, as saying China’s WTO entry boosted(提高，促進)interest in Chinese universities in Hong Kong and Taiwan.
“ Many multinational(跨國的)corporations have entered or are about to enter the Chinese mainland,” he said. “They need people who know both sides of the world. Hong Kong and Taiwan students have advantage in this respect.”
“ So we see a lot of them now coming to the mainland to study. Many of them will then work for these companies on the mainland.”
1. The students from HK and Taiwan who come to study in mainland mainly ______ .
A. postgraduates B. university graduates
C. fresh-men D. middle-school students
2. More HK and Taiwan students have come to mainland for study mainly because ______ .
A. the territory examination is not out so strictly now
B. the mainland have more well-known universities
C. they want to help increase the understanding of the two sides
D. China’s entry of the WTO has provided more chances of employment
3. The rate of _______ students applying for degree places on the mainland increases the fastest.
A. Hong Kong B. Taiwan C. Macao D. Singapore
4. It can be inferred that after graduation some of the HK and Taiwan students will _____ .
A. come back home B. work in the mainland governments
C. settle down in the mainland D. stay and work in the multinational corporations
Text B
Have you ever wondered what you would look like if you were an Asian, Middle Eastern, black, white or Indian person? By stepping into the Human Race Machine, you can find out. When you sit inside it, the machine creates a digital image (數(shù)字影像) of your face. After pushing certain buttons, the machine uses various photos of people of a certain ethnic group mixed with your own facial features. From this, it can come up with an image showing how you would look as a member of a different race.
The machine is part of a traveling retrospective (回顧展) called “ Seeing and Believing: The Art of Nancy Burson.” Burson is a famous American photographer and inventor. The show of 100 photos and multimedia works was on view at the Grey ArtGallery in New York on April 20.
“ It is a strange feeling, just like stepping into someone else’s skin.” Said Hathy Zajchenko, a museum visitor from Pennsylvania, US. As soon as she sat down, she tried out a range of ethnic groups. “ The Middle Eastern image worked pretty well for me,” she said with a smile.
According to Burson, the machine is a prayer for unity. It is about seeing through differences to find the things we all share in common. Burson added the database (資料庫) of Middle Eastern faces, both Arab and Jewish, after the terrorist attacks (恐怖襲擊) on September 11. “ I have always wanted to allow people to see differently. I am a photographer. I am recording the unseen, because what we can not see is so much more interesting than what we can see,” Burson said.
For those who missed the show, the Human Race machine will be on view at the New York Hall of Science in the Queens district full-time as of June.
5. The Human Race Machine can ____ .
A. tell you what you would look like if you were a member of another ethnic group
B. create a digital image of your face and change it
C. turn your pray into reality
D. let people step into someone else’s skin
6. The phrase “ come up with” in the first paragraph means ____.
A. get nearer B. produce C. come out D. change
7. When Kathy Zajchenko said that the Middle Eastern image worked well for her, she meant that ____ .
A. she would like to change her face B. she had a strange feeling
C. she was satisfied with what she looked like as a Middle Eastern person
D. she could buy the Human Race machine
8. The sentence “ The machine is a pray for unity” means _____ .
A. the Human Race machine can unite the facial feather of a different ethnic group with your own
B. the machine shows that no matter what race people are , there are some things we all have in common
C. one can pray before the machine
D. if you want, the machine can change your face
9. Burson added the database of Middle Eastern faces after the September 11 attack because ____.
A. she wanted to show people what terrorists look like
B. she wanted to record what people can not see
C. she wanted to be famous as a photographer
D. she wanted to let people see the foreign people
Text C
SUNSHINE COMPANY
Products for a Safe Environment
A4277-HAND SOAP
You are going to love this natural soap. There are no chemicals in it. It is very good for your hands and face. D4545-GARDEN SPRAY
Insects are going to run away from our new chili garlic spray. It is safe and natural.
B2377-HOME CLEANER
You are not going to need 5 or 6 chemical cleaners. You have Dr Clean! It is safe and strong, and it cleans everything in your house!
A2104-CANVAS BAG
You are going to say, “ No paper or plastic!” You have this excellent heavy canvas shopping bag.
Item Code Price
Natural shampoo T6762 $3.00
Garden spray D4544 $2.50
Canvas bag A2104 $4.00
Hand soap A2477 $1.00
Home cleaner B2377 $2.25
Postage: $3.50
10. Dr clean is _______.
A. an expert in cleaning everything B. a newly-invented machine
C. a can of cleaning powder D. a magic cloth for cleaning
11. According to the ads, where can you mail your letter to if you want something to kill ants?
A. D4545 Garden Spray B. Sunshine Company
C. Safe Environment Product D. The Dr Clean’s
12. According to the ads. How much do you have to pay for three shampoos and two canvas bags totally?
A. $ 12.25 B. $ 20.50 C. $ 13.50 D. $ 17.00
Text D
Pat Brown went to her bank to ask for an ATM card. It looks like a credit card. A few weeks later, the bank posted her a card and a four number personal identification number (PIN) .Her PIN is 1234。
As Pat was getting ready for bed one night, she remembered that she had only＄2 in her bag. The next day she had go pay＄10 for a lunch for a co-worker. She didn’t want to get up early to go to the bank. So she went to the bank that night. She used her ATM card to withdraw (take out) ＄50 from her checking account.
These are the steps she followed to withdraw money. First, she put her card in the lower slot on the right side of the machine. She made sure her card was facing the right way. Second, the computer screen (window) said,“Please enter (put in) your PIN.”Pat pressed the numbers 1,2,3,4. Next the screed said,“Please select the type of transaction you want by pressing the correct keys.”Pat pressed the bottom key for withdrawing money.
Then the screen said,“From which account?”The choices it gave were “Checking”,“Saving”,and“Money market”.Pat pushed the key for “Checking”.Next, the screen said,“Please select (choose) amount of transaction.”Pat pushed the number“5”and then“0”three times, until the screed read,“50.00.”The scr5een then read,“Please wait.”In less than a minute , it read,“Please lift (rise) the lid and take your money.”
Pat lifted the lid marked“Withdraw”.She counted her $50 to make sure the ATM hadn’t make a mistake. Then she waited for her withdrawal slop to come out of the slot at the upper right corner of the machine. Pat checked the slip to make sure was correct. Then her ATM card was returned through the card slot. She put it in her bag and walked away. If Pat had made a mistake at any point by pressing the wrong button (number), she could have pressed “Cancel”and started over again.
13.What did Pat do immediately after choosing the account?
A. Selected whether to withdraw, deposit, of transfer money.
B. Lifted the lid and removed her money.
C. Selected the amount of money she wanted to withdraw.
D. Got back her ATM card.
14.When did Pat enter her PIN?
A. Right after inserting her card.
B. Right before selecting the account.
C. Right before selecting the amount of money.
D. Right after selecting withdrawal.
15.When did Pat enter her PIN?
A. Right after selecting which account she wanted.
B. Right before receiving her withdrawal slip.
C. Right before selecting the amount.
D. Right after recording her PIN.
16.What did Pat do when the screed said,“Please lift the lid …”?
A. Got out her card. B. Took her $50.
C. Selected the type of transaction she wanted.
D. Picker up her withdrawal slip.
Text E
One hundred new bookstalls that will sell newspapers as well as books have been making their debut on city streets since Saturday morning.
The newsstands are part of the city’s efforts to improve the appearance of streets and neighborhoods. The news-stands’ design, featuring large glass window, will help the customers to see what is on sale at a glance.
An electrical screen on the newsstands will announce immediately the arrival of the latest papers. The newsstands will also help collect utility fees. There will be 1,000 newsstands by the end of the year. The newly formed Oriental Books and Papers Service Co. Ltd will manage the stalls. According to sources from the company, over 80 percent of the people hired to operate the stands will be recruited from laid-off workers. This means the project will help ease the city’s unemployment pressure, sources said.
All recruited will undergo a training programme and be clad in green uniform. Municipal Vice-part Secretary Gong Xueping said the installation of the 100 stands was just the first step towards the objective of setting up 1,000 stands in the city by the end of the year.
He said the creation of the stalls would be of particular significance to the enhancement of the city’s spiritual civilization. He also made some suggestions regarding the location, design, and construction of the new stands, and the renovation of the existing newsstands.
17. One hundred new bookstalls are set up to _______ .
A. classify the bookstores B. beautify the streets and neighborhood
C. enrich people’s minds with knowledge D. increase people’s purchasing power
18. The newsstands are made of large glass windows to ______ .
A. beautify the streets B. differ from other shops
C. let the customers browse through what they want
D. reduce the expenses of the construction
19. Which sentence is not true?
A. The newsstands also help gather together other public service charges
B. The newsstands will make known the arrival of the current issue of paper.
C. These kinds of newsstands will widely set up.
D. The newsstands just sell newspapers and magazines.
20. What is the other purpose of building these newsstands? Give the laid-off workers a chance
to _______.
A. make a living B. take up hobbies
C. ease their pressure D. enrich their minds
Text A
1B。 因為是申請讀研究生，所以這些申請人自然是大學畢業(yè)生
2D。 由第六段可以推出。
3A。 香港申請的學生增長了212人，增長率為530%，為三地最大。臺灣增長率為50%，其他兩地沒提到。
4D。 從文中最后一句可知。
Text B
5A。從第一段后半部分可以推出
6B。當輸入面部表情后，機器就會產(chǎn)生出一張照片。
7C。意思是如果作為中東人，她看起來最漂亮。
8B。無論是哪一種族人，總有些與其它人種相同之處的。
9B。這位攝影師想記錄一些人們看不到的特征。
Text C
10C。 在B2377-HOME CLEANER中提到Y(jié)ou have Dr Clean! It is safe and strong, and it cleans everything in your house!
11B。該表格是SUNSHINE COMPANY公司推出的產(chǎn)品
12B。這是一道計算題3*3+4*2=17， 17+3.5=20.5，別忘了加郵資
Text D
13C. 根據(jù)第一段第二段內(nèi)容可知答案為C
14A。根據(jù)取錢步驟第一步和第二步，可知答案為A。
15D。PIN=person identification number, 結(jié)合第一段，故選D
16B。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可推出答案為B。
Text E
17B。 根據(jù)第二段to improve the appearance of streets and neighborhoods, 可以判斷答案為B
18C。根據(jù)第二段 the newsstands’ design, will help the customers to see what is on sale at a glance. 可知答案為C。
19D。文章告知sell newspapers and books, 故D為錯誤。
20A。根據(jù)文章意思，創(chuàng)辦這些報亭，可安排下崗人員再就業(yè)，提供謀生機會。
Text A
Art Exhibition: The 16th Asian International Art Exhibition from Dec.18, 2001 to jan.10, 2002 at the Guangdong Museum of Art.
The exhibition will highlight over 300 works from Japan, Korea, China Mainland, China HongKong, China Macau, Malaysia, Singapore, The Philippine, Indonesia and Australlia.
RMB 70,90,100
Booking Tel: 88677766
Concert: Christmas Concert performed by German organist Thorsten Macder and the Guangzhou Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Yu Feng.
RMB 80.120.180.230
8pm on Dec 23,
Symphony performing Hall. Guangdong Xinghai Concert Hall.
Booking Tel: 87352222
Hotel: Thailand cuisine festival: in the Greenery Café at Garden Hotel from Dec.20,2001 to Feb 20,2002.
Booking Tel: 87675443
Performance: The night between him and her
At Sun Yatsen Memorial Hall; 8pm on December 6,7,9
RMB 100,160,200,260
Tel: 89785656
21. The group of the advertisements are mainly on ______ in Guangzhou Morning Post.
A. sports B. business trade C. city life D. city guide
22. If you want to go to the concert with your two friends, you will at least carry ______ yuan with you.
A. 240 B. 160 C. 80 D. 190
23. The countries in the 16th Asian International Art Exhibition are all in Asia except ______.
A. Korea B. China Macau C. Indonesia D. Australia
24. If you want to enjoy yourself on December 7, you will probably dial the telephone number ___ ____.
A. 89785656 B. 87675443 C. 87352222 D. 88677766
Text B
Michael, a typical American, stays home on workday. He plugs into his personal computer terminal in order to connect with the office. After work he puts on his headphones, watches a movie on his home video recorder or plays baseball on the computer. On many days, Michael does not talk to any other human beings, and he does not see any people except the ones on television. Michael is imaginary, but his life style is very possible. The inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings.
The world of business is one area which technology is isolating us. Experts say, for example, that many people will soon be able to work at home. With access to a large central computer, employees such as office clerks, insurance agents and accountants could do their fobs at display terminals in their own homes. They would never have to actually see the people they’re dealing with. In addition, the way employees are paid will change. Workers’ salaries will be automatically paid into their band accounts, making paper checks unnecessary. No workers will stand in line to receive their pay or cash their checks. Personal banking will change, too. Customers will deal with machines to put in or take out money from their accounts.
Another area that technology is changing is entertainment. Music, for instance, was once a group experience. People listened to music at concert halls or in small social gatherings. For many people now, however, music is an individual experience. Walking along the street or sitting in their living rooms, they wear headphones to build a wall of music around them.. Movie entertainment is changing, too. Movies used to be social events. Now, fewer people are going out to see a movie. Many more are choosing to wait for a film to appear on television or are borrowing videotapes to watch at home. Instead of laughing with others, viewers watch movies in their own living rooms.
25. The sentence,“Michael is imaginary, but his life style is very possible”means _______.
A. Michael is a person full of imagination and he can make his dreams come true.
B. Michael is not a real person but the life style does exist.
C. Michael has ambitions but he can’t make his dreams come true.
D. Michael is a person full of imagination and his style is common nowadays.
26. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Clerks will be able to work at home.
B. One can play baseball on the computer.
C. One can listen to music without disturbing others.
D. One can borrow books from libraries at home.
27. What will the author most probably discuss after the last paragraph?
A. Games and sports. B. Personal banking. C. Music and films.
D. International business.
28. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. We may no longer need to communicate with other human being.
B. Modern technology seems to be separating human being.
C. We any no longer need to work in the office.
D. Modern technology makes it possible for us to work and entertain ourselves at home.
Text C
The Internet is a system of electronic communication. It helps people share information, communicate with family and friends, and start businesses. But these people must have use for a computer, and know how to use it. And they must have a connection, usually through a telephone line or an Internet center. All of this costs money. For many poor people, a so-called“digital divide”exists. People who cannot connect to the Internet become poorer, while those who can become richer.
The United Nations is working to solve this problem. In December, it will hold a conference in Geneva, call the World Summit on the Information Society. Political and business leaders will come together will delegates from nongovernmental organizations, educational groups and others.
They will discuss the fast-growing information technology industry and its effects on the world.
UN organizers say they hope the gathering will lead to a political declaration and action plan. The goal is to bridge the digital divide between rich and poor nations. A second conference, to examine progress, will take place in Tunisia in 2005.
UN Secretary General Kofi Annan recently spoke to business leaders at a meeting in New York. Mister Annan urged them to take part in the World Summit on the Information Society. He told them that industry can play an important part in limiting technological differences between countries. He noted that some companies already made efforts to improve Internet skills among poor Americans. The UN Secretary General urged businesses to also look for projects in developing countries.
Cisco Systems in San Jose, California, is one company that already does that. In 1997, Cisco began a special program to teach Internet technology skills to people around the world. Today, the Cisco Networking Academy has spread to 145 nations.
Mister Annan says more ideals like this are needed to close the digital divide. He says information technology is not a magic answer for poor nations, but it can lead to peace and development. He says news and information provided through the Internet help build trade, employment, good government and democracy around the world.
29. According to the passage, the so-called “digital divide” here mainly refers to it that _______.
A. people in poor countries do not know how to use computers
B. the rich countries have more money than the poor countries
C. there is not Internet system in poor countries
D. as a result of economic factor, poor nations can not share information technology with rich nations equally
30. According to Kofi Annan, we can know ________.
A. without question information technology can provide a chance for the development of the world
B. all the business leaders will look for projects in developing countries
C. all the people in rich countries have mastered Internet skills
D. poor countries can have magic power on the Internet
31. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The World Summit on the Information Society will be good news for developing countries
B. All the people with enough money can enjoy the Internet.
C. Perhaps there is a long way to go for the development of poor nations
D. The company Cisco has done a good job in teaching Internet technology skills to people around the world .
32. Which of the following can be the proper title for the passage?
A. The poor Becomes Poor, the Rich Richer
B. Digital Divide in Developing Nations
C. Meeting on Internet Technology
D. Internet Technology in Developing Countries
Text D
Will 2003 be the year of the first human clone? An Italian fertility expert says a patient will give birth to a cloned baby early next year but experts, including one who helped create Dolly, the sheep, are skeptical.
Dr. Senerino Antinori told a news conference in Rome on Tuesday that the cloned baby is due in January.
The maverick doctor gained fame nearly a decade ago when he helped a 62-year-old woman give birth following fertility treatment with a donated egg, but he has revealed few details about his latest project. All he would say was that the cloned fetus was healthy and weighed roughly 6 pounds.
Other experts in the field have grave doubts.
Cloning experts doubt Antinori or his unknown colleagues have the expertise to clone a human. Although sheep, mice and pigs have been cloned, scientists have not yet produced a carbon copy of any primate.
Antinori did not produce any evidence so scientists do not know if he has achieved anything or if he is just seeking publicity.
Dolly, the sheep was cloned using a technique called nuclear transfer. The nucleus of an egg cell was removed and replaced with the nucleus from a cell of the animal to be cloned.
It is a skilled and risky technique. Only a small percentage of clones result in pregnancies(懷孕) and there is a high percentage of miscarriages (流產(chǎn)) and deformities (畸形).
Even animal clones that look healthy may have genetic abnormalities (變態(tài)) or be predisposed (偏向于) to a decreased life span because the cell used in the cloning process acquire DNA damage as they age.
Antinori has not given any clues about how the human embryo was cloned nor who the progenitor, the person who has been cloned, is. “ We will wait and we see what the DNA studies show if a baby is born.” One of the experts said, “ I just hope it will not have abnormalities.”
33. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Scientists Welcome Birth of Human Clone
B. Scientists Doubt Birth of Human Clone
C. Dr. Severino Antinori, the Great Cloning Expert
D. The First Human Clone Is Coming
34. From text, we know that the writer ________.
A. is sure the cloned baby is due in January
B. is not sure whether the cloned baby is due in January
C. is glad the cloned baby is due in January
D. feels sorry the cloned baby is due in January
35. The underlined word “ skeptical” probably means ________.
A. believable B. doubtful C. certain D. excited
36. Experts doubt Antinori because ________.
A. he is just seeking publicity
B. he has revealed few details about his latest project
C. he does not have the expertise to clone a human
D. they are not sure whether he has the expertise
Text E
In one very long sentence, the introduction to the United Nations Charter (憲章) expresses the idea and the common aims of all the peoples whose governments joined together to form the United Nations. “ We the people of the UN determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm (重申) faith in fundamental fights, in the dignity (尊嚴) and worth of human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for obligations arising from treaties (條約 )and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in large freedom, and for these ends, to practise tolerance (寬容) and live together in peace with one anther as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and instruction of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save (except) in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of economic and social advancement of all peoples, have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims.”
The essential functions of the UN are to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving international economic, social, cultural and human problems, promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to be a center for coordinating the actions in attaining these common ends.
No country takes precedence over anther in the US. Each member’s rights and obligations are the same. All must contribute to the peaceful settlement of international disputes, and members have pledged to refrain from the threat or use of force against other states. Though the US has no right to intervene in any state’s internal affairs, it tries to ensure that nonmember states act according to its principles of international peace and security. UN members must offer every assistance in an approved UN action and in no way assist states against which the UN is taking preventive or enforcement action.
37. The first stated aim of UN was _______.
A. to assist the developing countries
B. to prevent a third world war
C. to revise international law
D. to watch and direct peace treaties
38. Under its Charter, the UN guarantees (保證)________.
A. never to use arms
B. better standards of life
C. to promote economic and social advancement
D. to employ international machines
39. The basic functions of the UN ________.
A. are including coordinating actions where necessary
B. B. are only concerned with human fights
C. Are economic and cultural
D. Are limited to discussions and debates
40. A country’s native politics ______.
A. are often changed by the UN
B. must be controlled by the UN
C. are not allowed to benefit from UN advice or assistance
D. can not be changed by force by the UN
21D。這是廣汌早報上的一篇城市指導(dǎo)欄目的內(nèi)容
22A。文中談到去看concert單人票至少是80元，三人得240元。
23D。文中談了亞洲的幾個國家，但沒有談到Australia.
24A。文中有 “At Sun Yatsen Memorial Hall; 8pm on December 6,7,9”.所以選 A。
25B。文章中談到的Michael是想象出來的，但他的生活方式在今天的電腦時代是存在的。故最佳答案是B
26D。文章中談到了A，B，C選項中的事情，故最佳答案是D
27A。文章中談到了B，C選項的事情，接下來作者最有可能談A項中的事情，文章 中主要談現(xiàn)代科技對個人生活方式的種種影響，故排出D
28B。文章 第一自然段中提到The inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings. 此句是全文的中心，故最佳答案是B
29D。語義理解題。通讀全文可知，“數(shù)字化差別”指經(jīng)濟上的落后導(dǎo)致的發(fā)展中國家與發(fā)達國家在網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊技術(shù)上的差距。
30A。細節(jié)理解題。從最后一段安南的話可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展有助于世界的貿(mào)易，就業(yè)，民主發(fā)展，因此選A。他只是敦促商界到發(fā)展中國家去投資，并沒有說他們都會去做(B)，C項中并沒有提到。
31B。綜合判斷題。從文中B項不對，文中說網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展需要錢，說需要電腦并懂得使用，但沒有說有錢人都能享受網(wǎng)絡(luò)，因此選B。
32C。主旨判斷題。全文討論發(fā)展中國家在網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊方面與發(fā)達國家的差別，并討論著手解決這一問題。
33B。全文針對克隆人類的觀點進行闡述。
34B。從最后一段可推出。
35B。從第一自然段來分析這個問題還尚待解決。
36D。從第五段可推出。
37B。全文講述聯(lián)合國憲章與宗旨，有一定的難度，但各題在文中都能找到 supporting sentence. 本題是細節(jié)判斷題。第二句提到建立UN的初衷，其后有“ 拯救后代不受戰(zhàn)爭蹂躪，它已兩次給人類帶來難言的災(zāi)難”，從中可以判斷選B，其它三部分沒有提到。
38C。推理判斷題。第一段說UN除了共同利益之外不用武力，促進社會進步和提高生活水平，為了促進各民族社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展而動用國際機構(gòu)，由此判斷選C是目的，而D只是為達到目的的采取的手段。
39A。主旨大意題。第二段提到UN的功能：保證國際和平與安全，發(fā)展國家間的友誼，共同合作解決國際經(jīng)濟，文化，社會，人權(quán)問題，以人權(quán)與為自由為中心協(xié)調(diào)行動達到目的，從中分析，A為正確答案。
40D。 推理判斷題。第三段說任何國家不能凌駕于其它國家之上，UN也無權(quán)干涉他國內(nèi)務(wù)，但所有非成員國也必須以世界和平與安全為宗旨。