【單元知識(shí)綱要】
類別
語(yǔ) 言 項(xiàng) 目
備注
語(yǔ)音
a i oi
[ei] y [ai] [ i]
ay ie oy
詞
匯
單詞見(jiàn)(常用單詞積累)
掌
握
They mustn’t look, pass…from…to
You’d(had)better…. Thank you all the same
in front of, at the front/back of
on the left/right(side), next to, ask for
日
常
交
際
用
語(yǔ)
Where do you/does she sit? I sit/she sit…
Excuse me. Where’s the nearest post office, please?
Walk along this road and take the first
turning on the left.
You’d better catch a bus.
Which number do I take?
You take a number 47 bus.
Thank you all the same.
掌
握
語(yǔ)
法
1.表示需要:He needs some help.
2.詢問(wèn)方向:Is there a bank near here?
3.指點(diǎn)方向:Go along this road.
4.介詞短語(yǔ):in front of/next to/in the middle of/at the front(back) of/in the front row/on
the left(right)/outside/from…to…
掌
握
核心知識(shí)
【常用單詞積累】
hospital, hotel, station, theatre, bookshop, toilet, museum, left, right, post, office, stop, police,side, need, along, turn, turning, restaurant,bank,coin, as(conj),street, fruit, college, gate, front, back, next ,keep, place
post office, train station, police station, bus stop, all the same, had better, ask for, look for, do with, get to-reach-arrive in(at), read maps, catch a bus, take a number…bus, stand in a row walk/go along(down) the road, keep one’s eyes closed, ask sb. to do sth., from one to another, between…and…, next to, on the left/right side, at the front/back of, in the middle of, in front of
on the other side of 在…的另一邊,在…的對(duì)岸
take the …turning on the left/right=turn left/right at the…crossing
【基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)精講】
1.He sits next to me.他坐在我旁邊。
next to意為“貼近、緊挨著”。例:
① Jim is standing next to Tom.吉姆站在湯姆旁邊。
② The hospital is next to the station.那個(gè)醫(yī)院緊挨著車站。
2. on the left=on the left side=on the left hand side在左邊。
on the right=on the right side=on the right hand side在右邊
on my left在我的左邊,on WeiHua’s right在魏華的右邊
on the right of the classroom.在教室的右邊
(1)left,right在此作名詞,意為“左、右”,前面的定冠詞不能省略
(2)1eft,right作副詞時(shí),表示“向左”、“向右”、“在左側(cè)”、“在右側(cè)”
例:①Right turn!向右轉(zhuǎn)!
②Turn left at the first crossing.在第一個(gè)十字路口向左轉(zhuǎn)。
(3)right作形容詞時(shí),表示“正確的”、“對(duì)的”其反義詞為wrong.
例:①Find the right place.找到正確的位置
②Is that the right time?那是正確的時(shí)間嗎?
3.in the back/front row. 在后/前排
(1)back,front作形容詞,意為“后面的”、“前面的”,他們互為反義詞。例:
the front/ back blackboard.前面/后面的黑板
(2)back作名詞,意為“背”。例: He is lying on his back.他仰面躺著。
4.He often asks policeman for help.他經(jīng)常請(qǐng)求警察幫助。
(1)ask…for向…要求,請(qǐng)…給予,例:
① He doesn’t have a pencil and asks me for one.
他沒(méi)有鉛筆就向我要了一支。
② Go and ask him for help.去要他幫忙。
(2)ask for要求得到,請(qǐng)求,找(某人),例:
① He goes into the restaurant and asks for a cup of beer.
他走進(jìn)飯店要了一杯啤酒。
② Where can I ask for him?我可以在哪里找他?
5.The nearest is about 4 kilometres away(from here).
最近的離這里大約有4公里遠(yuǎn)。
在課文中 The nearest指的是 The nearest police station
(1)away在這里作副詞,意為“離…(多少)遠(yuǎn)”它跟在具體數(shù)字距離之后,
例:
① The theatre is about 100 metres away from here.
劇院離這里大約100米遠(yuǎn)。
② How far away is it?它多遠(yuǎn)?
(2)若抽象地說(shuō)“某地離這兒很遠(yuǎn)”,則用“be far from.”
例: Our school is very far from the factory.
我們學(xué)校離工廠很遠(yuǎn)。
6. Walk along this road.沿著這條路走。
(1)along在這里是介詞,意為“沿著、順著”
例:Walk/go along the street.順著這條街走。
Walk on along the road.順著這條馬路繼續(xù)走。
(2)along作副詞時(shí),意為“在前面”、“向前”
例:① It’s about two hundred metres along on the right.
它在前面右邊大約200公尺左右的地方。
② The dog is running along after the boy.那狗跟著男孩后面跑著。
(3)along,up,down都可作介詞表示“沿著”。
up表示“向高(處)、向…上面”,如: go up a hill登上一座山。
down表示“向(低處),沿著…往下”,如:run down a ladder/along下梯子,沒(méi)有向上、向下之別。
7.They pass the coin from one student to another--first one way,then another.
他們把一枚硬幣從一個(gè)學(xué)生傳到另一個(gè)學(xué)生--先從這邊傳過(guò)去,然后再?gòu)哪沁厒鬟^(guò)來(lái)。
(1)from…to… 從…到… 例如:
① Mr. Black often travels from China to England.
布萊克先生經(jīng)常來(lái)往于中國(guó)和英國(guó)之間。
② His mother works from morning to night sometimes.
他的媽媽有時(shí)從早到晚地工作。
(2)first…then 先…后… 例如:
First I’m going to do my homework,then I’ll watch TV.
我先做作業(yè),然后看電視。
8.What do they do with the coin?他們?cè)鯓犹幹眠@枚硬幣?
do With對(duì)付,處理,如:
① I can do with the man easily.我對(duì)付那人很容易。
② What do you do with your old bike?你怎樣處理你的舊自行車的?
【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析】
1.in front of和 in(at) the front of的區(qū)別
in front of表示“在…前面”,指某一范圍之外的前面與 before意義相近。其反義詞是 behind.in(at)the front of表示“在…前部”,指的是某一范圍里面的前面,其反義詞是 at the back of,例:
There is a big tree in front of the house. 房前面有一棵大樹(shù)。
The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.
老師正站在教室的前部。
介詞at,in都可以用來(lái)表示空間位置,at側(cè)重于某一點(diǎn),in側(cè)重于范圍。
2.He needs some help.他需要一些幫助。
(1)need在此作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,意為“需要”,和其它實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一樣,有人稱和數(shù)動(dòng)變化,后面可跟名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式等。例:
① Which bus do I need to take?我需要乘哪路車?
② She doesn’t need answering the question.她不必回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
(2)need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,意為“需要”,多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中,其后跟動(dòng)詞原形。例:
① We needn’t go to school on weekends.周末我們不需要上學(xué)。
② Must I go home now? No,you needn’t
我必須現(xiàn)在回家嗎? 不,不必了。
3.(1)catch a bus乘公共汽車,類似的還有:
take a bus/ go by bus/ take a number 16 bus
(2)You’d better = you had better
had better意為“最好…”,表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的建議,勸告或意愿,它沒(méi)有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,其后跟動(dòng)詞原形,其否定形式是在 had better后加 not,其一般疑問(wèn)形式只需把had提前到句首即可。例:
① You’d better put on your coat. It’s very cold here.
你最好穿上外套。這兒很冷。
② You’d better not talk in class. 上課時(shí)你最好不要說(shuō)話。
③ Had she better stay here? 她最好留在這兒?jiǎn)幔?/p>
④ You’d better be quiet.你最好安靜下來(lái)。
4.The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.
班上的其他學(xué)生緊閉著眼睛。
(1)句中 keep意為“使…處于某種狀態(tài)”常用 keep+名詞或代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)或形容詞或V.-ing結(jié)構(gòu)。例:
① Please keep your hands behind your backs.請(qǐng)把你們的手放在背后。
② We must keep our class room clean and tidy.
我們必須保持教室干凈、整潔。
③ It’s very late now. Don’t keep your mother waiting for you.
現(xiàn)在很晚了,不要讓你媽媽老等你。
(2)the other與another
the other指兩個(gè)人或事中的另一個(gè),后面既可跟單數(shù)名詞,也可跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞;
another指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事中的另一個(gè)。例:
① I am better at English than the other students in our class.
我在英語(yǔ)方面比我們班其他學(xué)生好些。
② He has two brothers. One is in Beijing, the other is in Shanghai.
他有兩個(gè)哥哥。一個(gè)在北京,一個(gè)在上海。
③ I have an English lesson this morning, and I have another this afternoon.
今天上午我有一節(jié)英語(yǔ)課,今天下午我還有一節(jié)。
5.The teacher tells the other students to open their eyes and guess who has the coin.
老師要其他的學(xué)生睜開(kāi)眼睛,猜猜誰(shuí)有硬幣。
(1)此句中有一固定句型“tell sb. to do sth.”意為“吩咐(要)某人做某事”,to do sth.,為動(dòng)詞不定短語(yǔ),它作sb.的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。類似的句型還有:
ask sb.to do sth.請(qǐng)求某人做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事,等等,其否定式,只需在“to do”前加否定詞“not”即可。例:
① Jim asks me to help him with his Chinese.
吉姆請(qǐng)我?guī)退麑W(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。
② My parents tell me to work hard on English.
我的父母要我努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
③ I want her not to lend my books to others.
我想要她不把我的書借給別人。
(2)… who has the coin在此為賓語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句中要用陳述語(yǔ)序。
6.詢問(wèn)方向與指點(diǎn)方向
(1)英語(yǔ)中常用詢問(wèn)方向的句型有:
① Is there a post office near here? 這兒附近有郵局嗎?
② Where’s the nearest post office? 最近的郵局在哪里?
③ Which is the way to the post office? 到郵局怎么走?
④ Can you tell the way to the post office? 你能告訴我去郵局的路嗎?
⑤ How can I get to the post office? 到郵局怎樣走?
(2)指點(diǎn)方向常見(jiàn)的表達(dá)式有:
① Go/walk along this street road沿著這條街/路走
② Take the first/…turning on the left/right
在第一個(gè)/……路口向左/右轉(zhuǎn)
③ It’s about four kilometres away from here.它離這兒大約4公里遠(yuǎn)。
④ The post office is along the road on the right.郵局在這條馬路的右邊。
⑤ It’s over there on the left.它在那邊左側(cè)。
⑥ It’s quite far from here.它離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。
⑦ It’s next to the hopital.它在醫(yī)院的旁邊。
⑧ It’s in front of/behind the school.在學(xué)校前面/后面。
典型例題
【課本難題解答】
練習(xí)冊(cè)P102第3題
此題皆為諺語(yǔ),需課外掌握。
1.金窩銀窩,不如自己的窩好(狗窩)。
2.心所向之,四海為家。
3.條條大路通羅馬。
4.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。
5.有志者,事競(jìng)成。
6.千里之行,始于足下。
【有關(guān)"Unit 6 Find the right palce!" 的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)】
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)1. Find the Right Place!
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.熟練掌握和運(yùn)用下列重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)。
need, turn, look for, catch a bus, over there, all the same, go along
2.掌握下列問(wèn)路的用語(yǔ)。
(1)Excuse me, where is the nearest post office?
(2)Is there a post office near here?
(3)Go(walk) along this road and take the second turning on the left.
(4)Can you tell me the way to the nearest post office?
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)2. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 24
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
New words
well, toilet, nut
New Phrases
all the time, go boating, meet at half past two, get some food, count them, have a drink, one of them
Patterns of sentences
1)Great!
2)How many monkeys can you see?
3)Look at those ducks. What`re / What are they eating?
4)It`s too hard.
5)I hear one of panda has a baby.
6)Let`s go!
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)3. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 22
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
New words
no, zoo, animal, live, dog, panda, tiger, elephant, monkey
New Phrases
a little earlier, on Sunday, outside the park gate, on land, in China, have a look at
Patterns of sentences
1)When/ Where shall we meet?
2)Shall we go to the park?
3)Let`s make it a little earlier.
4)What about a quarter past two?
5)What do you think?
6)Good idea!
7)OK!
8)All right!
9)Why not ...?
10)I have/ I`ve no idea.
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)4. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 21
前言
Teaching Tools:
tape recorder, pictures and some new word cards
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
New words
shall, park, first, meal, quarter, past, finish, then, minute
New Phrases
a quarter to ten, a quarter past eight, half past ..., ten minutes to..., be free, next Tuesday evening, I think so.
Patterns of sentences
1)What time shall I come?
2)May I come then?
3)Shall we meet ...?
4)Would you like to come to supper/lunch/...
5)I would/ I`d love to!
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)5. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 23
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
New words
boat, boating, hear, inside, chicken, duck
New Phrases
have a good time, be good at, inside the park, climb that hill, meet at the zoo, a little earlier, look at those people, like boating, finish our homework, look like a chicken
Patterns of sentences
1)Which animal do you like best?
2)Shall we do something? No, let`s do something else.
3)Look at those people! They are boating.
4)What does that boat look like?
5)I don`t think chicken can swim.
6)Can you hear?
7)Where are they?
8)Let`s meet inside.
9)Let`s make it half past two.
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)6. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 21
前言
教具
錄音機(jī);教學(xué)掛圖(也可仿照插圖復(fù)制)。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.詞匯(略)。
2.日常交際用語(yǔ);
[詢問(wèn)方向和指點(diǎn)方向]
Excuse me.Where’s the nearest post office,please?
It’s over there on the right/left.
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)7. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 22
前言
教具
錄音機(jī);上一課使用的掛圖等。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.詞匯(略)。
2.句型:
You’d better catch a bus.
3.日常交際用語(yǔ):
[詢問(wèn)方向和指點(diǎn)方向]
1)Excuse me.Is there a post office near here?
2)Walk along this road and take the fourth turning on the left/right.
3)It’s about a hundred meters along on the left/right.
4)It’s about four kilometers away.
[表示需要]
1)Which number do I need,please?
2)I think you need a number47.
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)8. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 23
前言
教具
錄音機(jī);簡(jiǎn)圖一張(完全模仿課文插圖,圖中各個(gè)地點(diǎn)可用方塊代替。并標(biāo)明英文)。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.詞匯(略)。
2.日常交際用語(yǔ):繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)提示方向的用語(yǔ)。
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)9. 初二英語(yǔ) Lesson 24
前言
教具
錄音機(jī);音標(biāo)卡片等。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.語(yǔ)音:掌握本課中出現(xiàn)的輔音字母及輔音字母組合的讀音。
2.日常交際用語(yǔ):小結(jié)表示需要的用語(yǔ);小結(jié)有關(guān)詢問(wèn)方向和指點(diǎn)方向的用語(yǔ)。
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:教學(xué)過(guò)程
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)10. 初二英語(yǔ)Unit 6
教案內(nèi)容:
內(nèi)容1:重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)
內(nèi)容2:教學(xué)過(guò)程
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題1: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第六單元1
問(wèn)題:
He is ____ his pen,but he can’t ____ it.
A. looking for……find
B. looking for…look for
C. finding out…find.
解答:
分析 答案是 A, look for指“尋找”,強(qiáng)調(diào)找的過(guò)程;find指“找到”強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果; find out指“找出”強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力,才能找到。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題2: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第六單元2
問(wèn)題:
You’d better ____ late again.
A. not to B. not to be C. not be
解答:
分析 答案是 C,You’d better后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形,它實(shí)質(zhì)是省“to”的不定式,所以其否定式是 You’d + better + not + v.
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題3: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第六單元3
問(wèn)題:
Children ____ play on the road.
A. must B. need C. mustn’t
解答:
分析 答案是C,must是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,其否定式mustn’t用于陳述句表示“禁止,千萬(wàn)不要”。而need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常用于否定和疑問(wèn)句。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題4: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第六單元4
問(wèn)題:
Are you good at ____ maps?
A. reading B. read C. look at
解答:
分析 答案是A,因?yàn)閍t介詞,其后應(yīng)接名詞(動(dòng)名詞)或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。又因?yàn)檫@是說(shuō)的“看地圖”實(shí)質(zhì)上指的是“看懂”、“看明白”,所以應(yīng)用“reading!
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題5: 初二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第六單元5
問(wèn)題:
How ____ is it from WuHan to Beijing?
A. long B. away C. far
解答:
分析 答案是C,long指時(shí)間多長(zhǎng),或某物的長(zhǎng)度,away常跟在數(shù)字之后。far表示距離遠(yuǎn)。