本章教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1. 提高交際能力(表達(dá)意愿的用語(yǔ))；
2. 理解省略這一語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象；
3. 學(xué)會(huì)使用一些單詞、短語(yǔ)和句型。
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破
【對(duì)話】
1．I wish we could go to the seaside today.但愿我們今天能去海邊玩。
wish后接賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句的時(shí)態(tài)如下：
(1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)(did)，(無(wú)論第幾人稱(chēng)，be的過(guò)去時(shí)都用were)；
(2)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done);
(3)若表示將來(lái)不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(could/would)。
I wish he were good at his lessons.(=But in fact he isn't.)
I wish I had seen the film long before.(==But in fact we didn't.)
I wish I could fly to the moon.(==It's a pity we can't fly to the moon.)
注意；hope做動(dòng)詞，所表示的是估計(jì)可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，故其后的賓語(yǔ)從句都用陳述語(yǔ)氣
2．Pity we live so far from the sea.真遺憾，我們住的離海太遠(yuǎn)了.
(1)此句應(yīng)為It's a pity that we live so far from the sea. It's a pity that...是用來(lái)表示遺憾的交際用語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中，It's a和that可以省略。
Pity you can't swim.(It's a pity that you can't swim.)真遺憾，你不會(huì)游泳。
(2)pity 作具體的一件“可憐的事”、“憾事”解釋時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。
It is a pity to waste time.浪費(fèi)時(shí)間是一件憾事。
What a pity(it was that)we didn't meet last time!真遺憾我們上次沒(méi)見(jiàn)面!
(3) pity作“同情”、“惋惜”解時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞�？梢院蚮eel，take，have構(gòu)成詞組，請(qǐng)注意pity后面的介詞的搭配。feel pity for；take pity on；have pity on是常見(jiàn)的詞組。
He feels no pity for the disabled and the poor.他不同情殘疾人和窮人。
“Have pity on me.”The wolf begged to MrDongGuo.“可憐可憐我吧!”狼哀求東郭先生。
3．He's doing very well in the navy.
do well in...do fine；be good at“在……方面做得好”；get on well(工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活、生長(zhǎng)情況進(jìn)展好。
Jack doesn't do well in his lessons but he is good at sports.
The patient is doing well.病人大有起色。
Everything in the garden is doing well.花園里的花木都長(zhǎng)得不錯(cuò)。
比較：do well做得好，做得對(duì)；do good做好事，有好處；
Giving up smoking will do you good.戒煙對(duì)你有好處。
4．make up one's mind是與“遲疑”、“動(dòng)搖”、“不知所措”等相對(duì)的說(shuō)法，意味著打定主意、下了決心、認(rèn)定某事，后跟動(dòng)詞不定式或從句，也可單獨(dú)使用。注意mind的單復(fù)數(shù)。
They have made up their minds to keep up with the others.他們決定趕上其他人。
Aristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than light objects.亞里斯多得認(rèn)定重的物體比輕的物體落地快。
5．Take a deep breath and I'll time you.你使勁吸一口氣，我給你計(jì)時(shí)。
take a deep breath/draw a deep breath深深地吸一口氣；hold/catch one's breath屏住呼吸；out of one's breath上氣不接下氣；waste one's breath(浪費(fèi)口舌)。
注意：take breath(歇一歇，喘口氣)...have/take a rest
【課文】
1．That is 3.5％by weight. 按重量計(jì)也就是百分之三點(diǎn)五。
注意：by(to form adverbial phrases of time，length，weight，number)”(單位)按……，以……計(jì)算�！弊⒁舛ü谠~的使用。
(1)by the day按日計(jì)算；by the month按月計(jì)算；by the hour按鐘點(diǎn)計(jì)；by the kilo論公斤；by the dozen按打;by the piece按件。
In England，sugar is sold by the pound，eggs by the dozen and cloth by the yard.
(2)by volume按體積(計(jì)算)； by weight按重量；sell by retail零賣(mài)(買(mǎi));比較：in calories用卡；in centuries 用百年；in years用年；in meters用米
sell by wholesale批發(fā)；by price計(jì)價(jià)；by distance計(jì)程；by time計(jì)時(shí)
2．The Mediterranean=The Mediterranean sea；The Atlantic=The Atlantic Ocean英語(yǔ)中在表示江、河、海、湖、山脈、海灣等專(zhuān)有名詞前要加定冠詞。例如：the Yangtze River(長(zhǎng)江)，the Mississippi(密西西比河)，the Red Sea(紅海)，the West lake(西湖)，the Alps(阿爾陴斯山脈)，the Persian Gulf(波斯灣)等.
但當(dāng)其用作定語(yǔ)修飾后面的名詞時(shí)，則可不用定冠詞，如：Mediterranean water(地中海的水)，Atlantic water(大西洋的水)等。
3．a(chǎn) depth of深度有……；有……的深度
We found water at a depth of 10 metres.我們?cè)谏钸_(dá)10米處找到了水。
The lake has a depth of300 feet in the middle.該湖的中心深達(dá)300英尺。
The sperm whale can dive to a depth of 1000 metres.鯨魚(yú)可以潛到1000米的水下。
歸納：表示事物長(zhǎng)(length)、寬(width)、高(height)的句型有三種：
The snow is 3 feet in depth./The snow is 3 feet deep./The snow has a depth of 3 feet.
4．on(an/the) average平均起來(lái)，一般來(lái)說(shuō)
She receives two letters each day on(an/the)average.她平均每天收到兩封信。
The price of apples is about four yuan per kg on average.蘋(píng)果大約每公斤4元錢(qián)。
其它用法：above the average(在一般水平以上)；below the average;(在一般水平以下)；up to the average(接近一般水平)；the average of winter temperature(冬天的平均氣溫)。
Tom's work at school is above the average ,John's is below the average and Jim's is up to the average.湯姆的成績(jī)?cè)谄骄揭陨�，約翰的在平均水平以下，吉姆的接近一般水平。
5．The minerals are partly supplied by hundreds of natural springs which flow into the Dead Sea，and partly by the River Jordan.
partly為副詞，意為“部分地”。在表示有兩部分的原因時(shí)，可以用它來(lái)分別說(shuō)明。其句型為：partly through+名詞…+partly through+名詞；partly because+從句…partly because+從句。
He has failed in the examination partly through carelessness and partly through laziness他考試沒(méi)及格，一方面是因?yàn)榇中�，一方面是因�(yàn)閼?
I was late for work partly because I got up late and partly because I met with an accident.我上班遲到，一方面是因?yàn)槲移鸫餐砹�，一方面是因�(yàn)槲以獾揭馔狻?/p>
6．a(chǎn)t a time
at a time作“一次(性)地，每次，個(gè)別地”解，常用于“數(shù)詞(時(shí)間名詞)+at a time”結(jié)構(gòu)，間或也可表示“在某一時(shí)期”，相當(dāng)于at onetime，常用于過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中。
The teacher asked the students to come to his office one at a time.
The accident took place at a time when national tension was at its peak.這個(gè)事故發(fā)生在國(guó)內(nèi)緊張局勢(shì)處于高峰的時(shí)刻。
聯(lián)想：at one time 度，有一個(gè)時(shí)期，曾經(jīng)； 同時(shí)，一齊
at times有時(shí)，偶爾，相當(dāng)于 sometimes, from time to time
at all times 不停地，經(jīng)常，始終；不論什么時(shí)候(at any time)
at the same time同時(shí)，一齊;可是，然而
7．occur happen，take place發(fā)生； appear 浮現(xiàn)
(1)sth. occur=sth. happen某事發(fā)生了
Terrible things usually occur at midnight.可怕的事情通常在午夜發(fā)生。
(2)sth. occur to sb.某人心中突然想起某事
A good idea occurred to me.我心生一計(jì)。
(3) It occurred/occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事
It never occurred to me to phone to you.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想起給你打電話．
(4)It occurred/occurs to sb.that...某人想到某事
It occurred to me that he was jealous.我突然發(fā)現(xiàn)他是妒忌的.
8．leave out省去，略去；遺漏；不予考慮
It is up to you to decide what to leave out and what to leave in.由你決定何舍何取。
If you want to buy the new house，leave out the price，we all can help you.你如果想買(mǎi)這套新房，不要考慮價(jià)錢(qián)，我們大家都會(huì)幫你的。
9．I beg your pardon/beg your pardon/pardon對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)?jiān)�。常用于下列情況：
(1)做了錯(cuò)事道歉時(shí)。I beg your pardon. I took your pen by mistake just now.
(2)談話中提出異議前。Beg your pardon. I don't agree with you.
(3)沒(méi)聽(tīng)清楚對(duì)方的話，希望重復(fù)一遍時(shí)，這里也可只用“Beg your pardon. Pardon.”(說(shuō)時(shí)用升調(diào))Pardon? I didn't catch you.
10．Cross out/off劃掉，勾銷(xiāo)，劃出，更著重用筆劃出，做出記號(hào)
Some of the words are unnecessary. Cross them out.一些詞沒(méi)必要，把它們劃掉。
Cross out all the grammar mistakes and leave them out.把語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤劃出，并刪除。
11．Squids take in water and then force it out of holes in their bodies.
take in吸收(absorb)；接納，接受(accept)；理解(understand)；改小(衣服等)
Get rid of the stale and take in the fresh.吐故納新。
This kind of cloth doesn't take in much sunlight.這種布料不會(huì)吸收過(guò)多的日光。
The camera club took in a new member yesterday.昨天攝影俱樂(lè)部接納了一位新成員。
The students take in most of what the teacher has said.學(xué)生們理解了老師講的大部分內(nèi)容。
Could you take in the coat a little for me?你能將這件大衣改小一點(diǎn)嗎?
【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析】
1. Seen from space, the earth looks blue.
從太空望去，地球看上去是藍(lán)色的。
句中Seen from space為過(guò)去分詞狀語(yǔ)表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。If it is seen from space, the earth looks blue. 又如：
Taken good care of, the machine will last long.
Invited to the Palace ball, they will be very happy.
2. It takes 80 years for Mediterranean water to be chanced with Atlantic water, as there is only one narrow entrance where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic.
需要80年時(shí)間才能使地中海的水與大西洋的水對(duì)流，因?yàn)榈刂泻：痛笪餮蟮膮R合處僅有一個(gè)狹窄的入口。
句中It takes some time for sb. to do (be done)為固定句型，相當(dāng)于It takes sb. some time to do sth. (be done)，意為“花掉某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間干某事”。
地中海為專(zhuān)有名詞，其前面一定要加冠詞the，即the Mediterranean(sea)。又如the Salt Lake, the Atlantic Ocean等，但當(dāng)它們做為形容詞時(shí)可不加定冠詞the。如Mediterranean water地中海里的水。
meet在句中意為匯合，交匯，此處其相當(dāng)于join。又如：The house stands where three roads meet. =The house stands where three roads join.
3. Coral needs certain conditions in order to live.
珊瑚需要一定的生存條件。
句中certain為形容詞，其基本用法如下：
A. 表示“確鑿的，可靠的，無(wú)疑的”，在句中可做表語(yǔ)也可做定語(yǔ)。
如：The facts are certain. 事實(shí)確鑿。
This is a certain remedy for giving up smoking.
這是戒煙的有效辦法。
B. 表示“有把握的”、“肯定的”、“確信的”，相當(dāng)于sure，一般做表語(yǔ)。
We are certain to win. 我們肯定會(huì)贏。
I'm not certain whether he will come or not.
我不能肯定他是否會(huì)來(lái)。
C. 表“某種”、“某一”、“一定的”，只做定語(yǔ)。
A certain Tom is waiting for you at the school gate.
一個(gè)叫湯姆的人在校大門(mén)口等你。
I'm very sorry not to tell you the truth for a certain reason.
由于某種原因，我非常抱歉不能告訴你真相。
4. By doing this the animal can hold its breath for a long time.
這樣一來(lái)巨頭鯨就能較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地摒住呼吸。
句首By doing this中的this指代前面的整個(gè)句子，介詞by在此處引導(dǎo)v. -ing短語(yǔ)，作方式 狀語(yǔ)，表示“用……，通過(guò)……。”
如：By using the computer they solved the problem.
他們利用了計(jì)算機(jī)解決了那個(gè)難題。
5. I wish I could go to the seaside.
但愿今天能去海邊就好了。
I wish(that)…是表示“愿意”的交際英語(yǔ)，且表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，可譯為“但愿…… ”，“……就好了”等。其后接的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。若表示現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望則用過(guò)去式，若表示過(guò)去未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，若表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反的愿望則用would+動(dòng)詞原型。
I wish it were spring all the year round. (表現(xiàn)在)
How I wish I had gone there with you!(表過(guò)去)
I wish he would try again. (表將來(lái))
核心知識(shí)
【常用單詞積累】
do well make up one's mind take a deep breath time be made up of little as much by weight reach up to variety merely on average provide at a time length feed on slow take in force in the opposite direction
【基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)精講】
1. Little of the earth's solid surface has been seen by human kind as much of it lies below the sea.
人們只看到地球固體表面很少一部分，因?yàn)榇蟛糠值牡厍虮砻嫣幱诤Ｏ隆?/p>
(1)本句中的little是代詞，作“少量，(只)一點(diǎn)”解，有否定的意思。原為形容詞 ，故可用very, rather等副詞來(lái)修飾。如果作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用單數(shù)形式。e. g.
Little is known of her background. 她的來(lái)歷幾乎沒(méi)有人知道。
(2)本句中的as是連詞，表示原因或理由。e. g.
As I have a cold, I was absent from school.
因?yàn)槲腋忻傲�，所以沒(méi)去上課。
(3) much作代詞，是“許多，大量”的意思，視為單數(shù)。e. g.
There isn't much for you to do. 你要做的(工作)并不多。
2. . . . , and in summer can reach up to 25℃ or even 29℃.
……，夏天可以高達(dá)25℃，甚至可以達(dá)到29℃。
本句中的reach up to作“高達(dá)”解。e. g.
On one wall there is a bookcase that reaches up to the celling.
在一面墻上有一個(gè)書(shū)架一直伸至天花板處。
習(xí)慣搭配
reach作動(dòng)詞，有“到達(dá)，達(dá)到”的意思。e. g.
①Your letter reached me this morning. 你寄給我的信今天早上收到了。
②They reached an agreement. 他們達(dá)成了協(xié)議。
reach作動(dòng)詞，還可以表示“擴(kuò)展，延伸，伸手拿取”的意思。e. g.
①His farmland reaches to the river. 他的農(nóng)田延伸到河邊。
②He reached out(his hand) for a piece of cake. 他伸出手來(lái)拿一塊蛋糕。
reach還可作“(以電話等)與……取得聯(lián)絡(luò)”解。e. g.
I'll reach him by phone. 我會(huì)打電話跟他聯(lián)絡(luò)。
3. There is very little rain here, merely 60mm in a year on average .
這里的雨水極少，每年平均(降水量)只有60毫米。
本句中的merely是“僅僅，只不過(guò)”的意思。e. g.
He merely wanted to know the truth. 他只不過(guò)是想知道事實(shí)真相。
本句中的短語(yǔ)on(the/an) average作“平均起來(lái)，一般來(lái)說(shuō)”解。e. g.
This car runs 15 kilometers per liter on (the) average.
這輛車(chē)平均每公斤(汽油)跑15公里。
習(xí)慣搭配
(1) average作名詞是“平均，平均數(shù)，普通，平�！钡囊馑�。
above/below(the) average是“在平均水平以上/以下”的意思。e. g.
Her school work is below/above(the) average.
她的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)?cè)谄骄揭韵?以上。
up to(the) average是“達(dá)到平均水平”的意思。
(2)average是形容詞，作“平均的，一般的，普通的”解。e. g.
①The employees' average income in this company is about $ 1500 a month.
這家公司的員工平均所得大約是每月1500美元。
②He is just an average student. 他只是一個(gè)普通的學(xué)生。
(3)average作動(dòng)詞，作“平均為，平均計(jì)有”解。e. g.
That baseball team averages three runs a game.
那個(gè)棒球隊(duì)平均每場(chǎng)得3分。
4. When it dives its heart slows to half its normal speed.
當(dāng)它潛水時(shí)，它的心跳速度就減慢到正常心速的一半。
本句中的slow為動(dòng)詞，作“減慢，使……緩慢”解。e. g.
①The car slowed up as it went around the curve. 那部車(chē)經(jīng)過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)彎處時(shí)減慢速度。
②The motorman slowed down the train. 駕駛員放慢了火車(chē)的速度。
【單元知識(shí)綱要】
類(lèi)別
語(yǔ)言項(xiàng)目
詞 匯
sailor, spring, captain, beach, navy, solid, variety, float, merely , huge, make up one's mind, come up, by weight, coral beds, the main food, be made up of.
日常交
際用語(yǔ)
Beautiful day, isn't it?
I wish we could go to the sea-side today.
When did you last go to the seaside.
Let's go to the river to bather.
語(yǔ)法
掌握好省略句的語(yǔ)法。
典型例題
【基礎(chǔ)題】
★例1
--Don't all speak at once!
________.
A．Each at a time. B．One by one time.
C．One for each time. D．One at a time.
導(dǎo)析：本句的意思是“不要所有的人同時(shí)說(shuō)，每次一位”。解題的關(guān)鍵是抓住all...at once和答句中的固定搭配at at time(每一次)就能迎刃而解。
答案：D
★★例2
--Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?
--__________.
A．I don't believe B．I don't believe it
C．I believe not so D．I believe not
導(dǎo)析：該句是考查交際英語(yǔ)中的簡(jiǎn)略回答。如果補(bǔ)充完整，便是I don't believe that it is going to rain over the weekend.也是考查賓語(yǔ)從句的省略。類(lèi)似的有：I don't think so.I think not; I hope so; I hope not; I'm afraid so／not.
答案:D
【易錯(cuò)題】
★★例1Dr Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can't remember ___________.
A．where B．there C．which D．that
導(dǎo)析：本句的意思是“我不記得布萊克博士是從Oxford or Cambridge中哪一個(gè)來(lái)的”。本句補(bǔ)充完整是I can't remember which one he comes from.
答案：D
★★例2We _____ the work would complete, but it won't.
A．want B．expect C．wish D．hope
導(dǎo)析：動(dòng)詞expect, wish和hope后都可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句，但只有wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)but it won't的語(yǔ)境可以判斷出試題wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是將來(lái)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)如果是“would+動(dòng)詞原形”，則是一種常用的希望。答案：C
【創(chuàng)新題】
★★例
--How are you getting on with your study?
--All goes well as __________.
A．to be planned B．being planned
C．planned D．planning
導(dǎo)析：在從屬連詞as引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句中常用省略，答語(yǔ)中的as 后省略了it(study)is。例如：Fill in the form as(you are)instructed.按照要求填寫(xiě)了表格。答案：C
【名校模擬題與高考題】
★★★例1(2002年，上海春季)How I wish every family __________ a large house with a beautiful garden!
A．has B．had C．will have D．had had
導(dǎo)析：該題考查的是wish后面從句的時(shí)態(tài)。句子的意思是“要是家家都有帶花園的房子該多好啊!”很明顯，主語(yǔ)表示的是現(xiàn)在的愿望。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)從句用過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：B
★★例2___________it rain tomorrow, you would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A．Were B．Should C．Would D．Will
導(dǎo)析：Should位于句首時(shí)，省略了if，屬于虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句中的省略。had和were也可以放在句首。答案：B
【閱讀分析點(diǎn)撥】
THEATRE
City Varieties
The Head row, Leeds. Tel. 430808
Oct. 10-11 only A Night at the Varieties. All the fun of an old music hall with Barry Crier, Duggle Brown, 6 dancers, Mystina, Jon Barker, Anne Duval and the Tony Harrison Trio. Laugh again at the old jokes and listen to your favorite songs.
Performances: 8 p. m. nightly.
Admission: ￡ 5; under 16 or over 60: ￡ 4.
York Theatre Royal
St Leonard's Place, York, Tel 223568
Sep. 23-Oct. 17 Groping for Words -a comedy by Sue To wisent. Best known for her Adrian Mole Diaries, Town send now writes about an evening class which to men and a woman attend. A gentle comedy.
Admission: First night, Mon: ￡ 2; Tues-Fri: ￡ 3. 25-5. 50; Sat: ￡ 3. 50-5. 75.
Halifax Playhouse
King's Cross Street, Halifax. Tel. 365998
Oct. 10-17 On Golden Pond by Ernest Thompson. This is a magical comedy about real people. A beautifully produced, well-acted play for everyone. Don't miss it.
Performances: 7: 30 p. m.
Admission: ￡ 2. Mon: 2 seats for the price of one.
Grand Theatre
Oxford Street, Leeds. Tel. 502116
Restaurant and Cafe.
Oct. 1-17 The Secret Diary of Adrian Mole, Aged 13. Sue Townsend's musical play, based on her best-selling book.
Performances: Evenings 7: 45. October 10-17, at 2: 30 p. m. No Monday performances.
Admission: Tues-Thus: ￡ 2-5; Fri & Sat: ￡ 2-6.
1. Which theatre offers the cheapest seat?
A. Halifax Playhouse. B. City Varieties.
C. Grand Theatre. D. York Theatre Royal.
答案：A
提示：Halifax Playhouse票價(jià)為2英鎊，周一兩人可用一張票，則為1英鎊，因此最便宜。
2. If you want to see a play with old jokes and songs, which phone number will you ring to book a seat?
A. 502116 B. 223568 C. 365998 D. 430808
答案：D
提示：City Varieties的演出有old jokes and music.
3. We may learn from the text that Sue Townsend is .
A. a writer B. an actress C. a musician D. a director
答案：A
提示：可以從文中…based on her best-selling book推斷出。
【課本難題解答】
Lesson 62
1. 1)A 2)C 3)D 4)D 5)B 6)D
2. 1)various 2)construction 3)floating 4)partly…partly
5)merely 6)average 7)spring
Lesson 63
2. 1)I haven't decided whether to be a sailor or not.
2)Although he knows how to use the computer, he does not want to.
3)I do not intend to swim and have never swum in that lake. 或I've never swum in that lake and I do not intend to.
4)Don't tell me the name of the market if you don't want to.
5)She can speak English much faster than I.
6)I didn't believe they would finish the project so quickly, but they have.
3. 1)measured the depth of the water of the river every day
2)can dive to a depth of more than 1, 000 meters
3)can grow to a length of 15 meters
4)is 40, 000 square meters; is 33. 7 meters
5)10 cubic centimeters
Lesson 64
1. on→from main→mainly
was→is a little→little
will→would continent→continents
seven-tenth→seven-tenths cover→covered
pacific→Pacific mile→miles
were→was much→many
is→was burned→burning
hanged→hung turn→turned
the→The forming→formed
【有關(guān)"Unit 16 The Sea" 的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)】
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)1. g2u16 The Sea 教案
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
Ⅰ. 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)
四會(huì)單詞和詞組：sailor , do well , make up one’s mind , bathe , time ( vt .) , spring , beg , beg one’s pardon , captain , depth , merely , huge , construction
三會(huì)單詞和詞組：seaside , beach , dive , navy , drown , come up , vast , surface , solid , various , variety , float , the Dead Sea , partly , on average , pole , the South Pole , huge , at a time , occur , treasure , voyage , load , cycle , kg = kilogram(me) , the Atlantic = the Atlantic Ocean
Ⅱ. 交際英語(yǔ)
道歉和遺憾
一般來(lái)說(shuō)，中國(guó)人喜歡反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的謙意，并喜歡用“非常抱歉”、“深表歉意”等表示程度傾向的語(yǔ)句，而英美人士則不同，對(duì)于因客觀原因而造成的過(guò)失或差錯(cuò)，則不必主動(dòng)工過(guò)分向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢�。如一定要向�(qū)Ψ降狼�，說(shuō)聲 sorry 即可，一般不用 very , terribly , truly 等表示程度的詞。因?yàn)樵诿绹?guó)，過(guò)分的道歉或自責(zé)反而顯得不太誠(chéng)懇，令人感到虛假或另有用心。
Some useful expressions：
1 . Sorry / Pardon / I'm sorry .
2 . I'm sorry for/about…
3 . I'm sorry to do sth . / I'm sorry to have done sth…
4 . Excuse me ( for… )
5 . be afraid that…
6 . What a pity/shame !
7 . It's a pity that…
8. That's all right . /It doesn't matter . /That's nothing .
9 . That's OK . /It's quite all right . /Never mind . /No trouble at all . / That's not your fault .
交際示范：
( A is late for a birthday party ) .
A : Come in , Mr Smith . Nice to see you .
B : Nice to see you too . I'm very sorry to be late . ( I'm sorry to have kept you waiting . )
A : It doesn't matter . We're glad you could come .
B : I didn't quite remember the number of your house , so it took me a long time to find your house .
A : I'm sorry that I didn't make myself clear .
B : Oh , that's nothing .
Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)
學(xué)習(xí)省略句的用法。
教案內(nèi)容：
內(nèi)容1：教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
內(nèi)容2：語(yǔ)法發(fā)散思維
內(nèi)容3：同步練習(xí)
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)2. 高二英語(yǔ) Uint 16 The sea
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
Ⅰ. 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)
四會(huì)單詞和詞組：sailor , do well , make up one’s mind , bathe , time ( vt .) , spring , beg , beg one’s pardon , captain , depth , merely , huge , construction
三會(huì)單詞和詞組：seaside , beach , dive , navy , drown , come up , vast , surface , solid , various , variety , float , the Dead Sea , partly , on average , pole , the South Pole , huge , at a time , occur , treasure , voyage , load , cycle , kg = kilogram(me) , the Atlantic = the Atlantic Ocean
Ⅱ. 交際英語(yǔ)
道歉和遺憾
一般來(lái)說(shuō)，中國(guó)人喜歡反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的謙意，并喜歡用“非常抱歉”、“深表歉意”等表示程度傾向的語(yǔ)句，而英美人士則不同，對(duì)于因客觀原因而造成的過(guò)失或差錯(cuò)，則不必主動(dòng)工過(guò)分向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢狻Ｈ缫欢ㄒ驅(qū)Ψ降狼�，說(shuō)聲 sorry 即可，一般不用 very , terribly , truly 等表示程度的詞。因?yàn)樵诿绹?guó)，過(guò)分的道歉或自責(zé)反而顯得不太誠(chéng)懇，令人感到虛假或另有用心。
Some useful expressions：
1 . Sorry / Pardon / I‘m sorry .
2 . I’m sorry for/about…
3 . I‘m sorry to do sth . / I’m sorry to have done sth…
4 . Excuse me ( for… )
5 . be afraid that…
6 . What a pity/shame !
7 . It‘s a pity that…
8. That’s all right . /It doesn‘t matter . /That’s nothing .
9 . That‘s OK . /It’s quite all right . /Never mind . /No trouble at all . / That‘s not your fault .
交際示范：
( A is late for a birthday party ) .
A : Come in , Mr Smith . Nice to see you .
B : Nice to see you too . I’m very sorry to be late . ( I‘m sorry to have kept you waiting . )
A : It doesn’t matter . We‘re glad you could come .
B : I didn’t quite remember the number of your house , so it took me a long time to find your house .
A : I‘m sorry that I didn’t make myself clear .
B : Oh , that‘s nothing .
Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)
學(xué)習(xí)省略句的用法。
教案內(nèi)容：
內(nèi)容1：教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)
【關(guān)于“Unit 16 The Sea”的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題】
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題1: 高二英語(yǔ) Uint 16 The sea
問(wèn)題：
We don‘t visit Tom _____ .
A.as many as we used to B.an many as we were used to
C.as much as we used to D.as much as we were used to
解答:
本題考點(diǎn)是兩個(gè)：一是 used to 同 be used to 的區(qū)別；另一個(gè)是 many 和 much 的區(qū)別。 ( 1 ) used to 表示“過(guò)去經(jīng)�；蚍磸�(fù)的動(dòng)作”；used to do sth . 表示“過(guò)去常做某事”，它只有過(guò)去時(shí)的形式。be used to 表示“習(xí)慣于……”，to 是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，be 可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。 ( 2 ) much 和 many 都表示“多”，many 可修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞； much 可修飾代替不可數(shù)名詞，還可以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞比較級(jí)。as much as 多作狀語(yǔ)，本句中修飾動(dòng)詞 visit，因此答案是 C。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題2: 高二英語(yǔ) Uint 16 The sea
問(wèn)題：
You ____ not smoke here .
A.could better B.would better
C.should better D.had better
解答:
had better do sth . 意指“最好去做某事”，had better not to do sth . 表示“最好不要去做某事”，本題答案為 D。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題3: 高二英語(yǔ) Uint 16 The sea
問(wèn)題：
- ____ have you been to the Great Wall ?
- Only once .
A.How many times B.How often
C.How long D.How much time
解答:
根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，可知是問(wèn)：“你曾去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城多少次 ? ”考點(diǎn)是幾個(gè)疑問(wèn)詞的區(qū)別。how long ( 多久 ) ，是用于對(duì)一段時(shí)間提問(wèn)，多由 for 引導(dǎo)；how often ( 多久一次 ) ，是針對(duì)“once a week ( month ) ”等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的。本題重點(diǎn)是 time 的用法。time 單數(shù) ( 不可數(shù) ) 表示時(shí)間，“how much time”表示“多少時(shí)間”；times 復(fù)數(shù) ( 可數(shù) ) ，可表示“次數(shù)、倍數(shù)、時(shí)代”等。本題答語(yǔ)是“only once” ( 只有一次 ) ，答案理應(yīng)是A。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題4: 高二英語(yǔ) Uint 16 The sea
問(wèn)題：
So tired ____ after getting the thief down on the floor that he ____ say a word .
A.was my brother ; could hardly
B.did my brother ; could hardly
C.was my brother ; wouldn’t hardly
D.my brother was ; could hardly
解答:
( 1 ) hardly 是否定副詞，could hardly 意指“幾科不能”，符合題意，可先排除 C；( 2 ) 從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，本句意在強(qiáng)調(diào)“tired”，tired 是形容詞，應(yīng)作表語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)時(shí)，表語(yǔ)放在句首，主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，為此，再排除 D；在系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)詞用 be 動(dòng)詞而不用 did，因此答案是 A。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題5: 高二英語(yǔ) Uint 16 The sea
問(wèn)題：
- Have you heard form Jack lately ?
- No , I haven‘t . I’m anxious to know ____ .
A.how is he getting along
B.how he is getting along
C.what is he getting on
D.what he is getting on
解答:
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，空白處應(yīng)填賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序，故可先排除A，C；be getting along ( on ) 表示“進(jìn)展 ( 情況 ) 如何”，常與 how 連用，因此，答案是 B。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題6: Unit 16 The Sea
問(wèn)題：
The train its speed as it came near to the station.
A. slows B. slowing C. slowed D. being slowed
解答:
分析 在英語(yǔ)中slow一般用作adj. В但有時(shí)也可用作v . 意為“減慢”。類(lèi)似的詞還用cool, warm等，且該句又為過(guò)去時(shí)，故C答案正確。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題7: Unit 16 The Sea
問(wèn)題：
What's temperature in this town in August?
A. on average B. the average C. in average D. at the average
解答:
分析 on(the)average為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“平均起來(lái)”，“ 一般來(lái)說(shuō)”，同時(shí)average也可作形容詞做“平均的”解。故正確答案為B。
常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題8: Unit 16 The Sea
問(wèn)題：
Her parents died in the same year, her an orphan.
A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. and leaving
解答:
分析 動(dòng)詞+ing在此做狀語(yǔ)，表示結(jié)果，如選D，則應(yīng)為and left。