【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】
1．重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語、句型結(jié)構(gòu)
1）order, sure, keep
2）look forward to, fix a date, help oneself to, all the same, earn one's living, generally speaking, even if, in debt, make sense, pay off one's debt, make a promise
3）It is thought +that clause.
2．課文掌握程度
1）了解課文提供關(guān)于糧食生產(chǎn)的信息。
2）能復(fù)述課文。
3．重點(diǎn)語法
Noun Clauses
4．交際要求
Talk about taking meals
1）I'd like to invite you to dinner at my flat before I move .
2）What would you like (to have) ?
3）Would you like something to eat (drink) ?
4）Would you like some more ?
5）Anything to follow ?
6）Help yourself to some ……
7）Thank you . I've had enough .
8）Just a little , please .
9）That would be nice .
5．寫作要求
Learn to write a descriptive essay（描寫文）
【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)講解】
1，Have you ordered yet ? 你點(diǎn)過菜了嗎？
order在這里是動(dòng)詞，意思是"點(diǎn)菜"。另外在餐廳里還有一句話是比較常用的，侍者通常會(huì)說"Can I take the order now?"這里的order也是"點(diǎn)菜"的意思，但是是名詞。order的用法總結(jié)如下：
order的用法
1）v. 命令，吩咐，訂（定）購，叫菜，點(diǎn)菜。例如：
The doctor ordered him to stay in bed for a couple of days. 大夫囑咐他臥床一兩天。
The manager ordered that the gate should be locked. 經(jīng)理囑咐大門要鎖好。
You can order tickets by telephone.可以電話訂票。
He ordered a cup of coffee.他要了一杯咖啡。
2）n. 命令（可數(shù)），訂貨（可數(shù)），秩序（不可數(shù)），順序（不可數(shù)）。例如：
The policemen received an order and set out at once. 警察接到命令立刻出發(fā)了。
He has placed an order for 100 copies of the book. 他已經(jīng)預(yù)定了一百本這種書。
He found everything in the house in good order. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)屋子里秩序井然。
Arrange the books in order of size.按大小順序擺好書。
3）order還常構(gòu)成in order to do something或in order that…。例如：
He works hard in order to(so as to)succeed.為了成功努力工作。
I lent him 5 pounds in order that he might buy the book. 我借給他5英鎊以便讓他買這本書。
2，My only regret is that it's quite a long way from all my friends. 唯一的遺憾是離我的朋友們太遠(yuǎn)了。
這里的regret和前面的order一樣也是一詞多意，regret 做名詞表示遺憾，懊悔（作不可數(shù)名詞）；感到遺憾的事，歉意（作可數(shù)名詞）。如：
We heard with regret that you were not successful in your plan. 聽到你的計(jì)劃沒有成功，我們感到遺憾。
My only regret is that I could not devote more time to the just cause.
我唯一的憾事是不能花更多的時(shí)間于這一正義事業(yè)上。
regret做動(dòng)詞時(shí)的用法是：
后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞-ing形式以及that從句，表示"后悔"，"因（做）某事而遺憾，惋惜"等，所后悔、遺憾的事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生過了。如：
He regretted his decision.他對(duì)自己的決定懊悔。
Have a care what you say or you may regret it. 注意自己的話，不然你會(huì)后悔的。
You'll regret having said those words!你會(huì)后悔自己說了這樣一些話。
She regretted that she had no child.她為自己沒有孩子而遺憾。
I regret to tell you that your father is badly ill. 我遺憾地告訴你，你父親病重。
I regret to say that we have no good news for you. 我遺憾地說沒有給你帶來好消息。
3，F(xiàn)or one thing, two thirds of the earth's surface is water, although this does provide a lot of food in the form of fish.首先，地球表面上三分之二是水，盡管它提供了大量的以魚的形式食物。
1）for one thing 用來引出某事的理由，"一來"，一般和它連用的是"and another/for another。如：
I'm afraid that I won't be able to spend the weekend with you in Dalian. For one thing, I have no money and another I'm too busy. 恐怕我不能和你一起去大連度周末了，一來我沒有錢，二來我太忙。
2）does provide 確實(shí)提供了，助動(dòng)詞do 用在陳述句、祈使句中可加強(qiáng)語氣，要重讀。例
如： He did tell me he would go aboard.他確實(shí)告訴我他要出國。
強(qiáng)調(diào)否定意思的用 never.例如：Never tell her the sad news.千萬別把這個(gè)不幸的消息告訴她。
Never forget this lesson.千萬別忘了這個(gè)教訓(xùn)。
3）in the form of 以……的形式。如：
Radiation is a kind of energy in the form of invisible rays.
4，Today farming employs more people than any other type of work.
目前從事農(nóng)業(yè)的人比從事任何其它行業(yè)的人都要多。
more than any(other)+比較對(duì)象，這是用比較級(jí)的句型表示最高級(jí)的概念。例如：
The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.(=The Changjiang River is the longest river in China)
長(zhǎng)江比中國的任何一條河都長(zhǎng)。
在這一句型中，any表示"任何"；any other表示"任何別的"，說明比較的對(duì)象屬于同一范圍。又如：
China is larger than any country in Africa. 中國比非洲的任何國家都大。（不在范圍內(nèi)）
China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中國比亞洲的任何別的國家都大。（在范圍內(nèi)）
5，What can be done in order to make sure that no one in the world goes hungry?
為了確保世界上沒有人挨餓，人們可以做些什么呢？
go hungry 在這里是"挨餓"的意思。go是系動(dòng)詞。
go作為系動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常構(gòu)成go +adj."轉(zhuǎn)變成"，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)常表示情況變壞。例如：
The machines go wrong.機(jī)器出了毛病。
He went almost mad when he heard the news. 他聽到這個(gè)消息幾乎發(fā)瘋了。
His illness is going worse.他的病情正惡化。
類似的動(dòng)詞還有，come／run／become等也可作系動(dòng)詞。例如：
His dreams came true at last.他的夢(mèng)想最后實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
The famous river finally ran dry.這條著名河流最后干涸了。
6，They would not vote to lose their land and wealth, even if it resulted in a fairer society.
他們是不會(huì)投票贊成使自己失去土地和財(cái)富的事的，即使這樣做的結(jié)果會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)較為平等的社會(huì)。
1）even if 即使，引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。本句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用的是虛擬語氣，表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的情況。又如：
Remember, science requires your whole life.And even if you had two lives to give,they would be not enough.
記住，科學(xué)需要你獻(xiàn)出整個(gè)的一生，即使你有兩次生命也是不夠的。
2）result in 結(jié)果為……，終歸，導(dǎo)致。注意： result在這里用作動(dòng)詞。
The accident resulted in the death of 2 passengers. 那次事故導(dǎo)致兩個(gè)乘客的死亡。
Eating too much food which is high in fat and sugar will result in heart illness.
吃過多高脂肪和高糖類的食物會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟疾病。
His carelessness resulted in a serious car accident.他的草率導(dǎo)致了一起嚴(yán)重的車禍。
3）result in和result from的用法區(qū)別
result in可用來表示"引起、導(dǎo)致或造成（某種結(jié)果）"，如：
The traffic accident resulted in three deaths. 這起交通事故造成三人死亡。
The trial resulted in his being sentenced to two years' imprisonment. 審判結(jié)果是他被判刑兩年。
The election resulted in a great victory for their party. 選舉結(jié)果，他們的黨獲得了巨大勝利。
Hard work results in success.努力工作就能成功。
result可以與from連用，意為"作為……的結(jié)果"，表示原因。如：
Her injury resulted from a fall.她因跌倒而受傷。
It's said that his lameness resulted from an accident. 據(jù)說他的瘸腿是一次事故造成的。
Sickness often results from eating too much. 疾病往往因?yàn)槌缘锰唷?/p>
The accident resulted from carelessness.事故因粗心而產(chǎn)生。
4）vote v. n.投票，選舉，表決
You're only 16; you're too young to vote. 你只有16歲，還沒到選舉的年齡。
Money for a new school was voted by the board. 創(chuàng)辦一所新學(xué)校的錢已由董事會(huì)通過。
7，.Many less-developed countries are in debt because they borrowed money from richer countries in order to develop industry.許多欠發(fā)達(dá)國家都負(fù)了債，因?yàn)樗鼈儚妮^富裕國家借錢來發(fā)展工業(yè)。
less-developed country 欠發(fā)達(dá)國家
developed country 發(fā)達(dá)國家
developing country 發(fā)展中國家
8，．…it makes very good sense to keep sheep or goats. ……養(yǎng)綿羊和山羊是很有道理的。
make sense 有道理，講得通，有意義。如：
It doesn't make any sense to me. 我覺得那沒有什么意思。
What he says makes sense. 他說的有一定道理。
【語法－名詞性從句】
關(guān)于名詞性從句的基本語法知識(shí)，我們?cè)诟叨陀羞^比較詳細(xì)的講解。這里主要講講同學(xué)們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)該注意的問題，以及在解題時(shí)的一些解題技巧。
一、概述
1，主語從句
What he wants is a piece of paper.
It is believed that he can solve the problem.
注：1）主語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
2） 連接詞that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，that不可省略。
3）在表示"是否"的含義時(shí)，主語從句只能用whether， 不能用if。
2，賓語從句
I don't know how to solve the problem.
Do you know where he lives?
注：賓語從句用正常語序。
3，表語從句
The problem is who can help me.
This is why I came here.
注：1）連接詞that引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，通常不可省略，口語中可以省。
2）表語從句只能用whether，不能用if。
3）表語從句還有兩個(gè)連接詞，as if和because。如：
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看來到下雨。
That is because he missed the morning train. 那就是因?yàn)樗麤]趕上早車。
4，同位語從句
I have no idea where he went.
I heard the news that he would come.
注：同位語從句用that引導(dǎo)，常跟在fact, idea, news, promise, thought, message, hope, belief, doubt等詞后，that在從句中不作任何成分。
二、做題技巧
做名詞性從句主要看從句中缺少什么成分，缺少什么成分，補(bǔ)什么成分。如：
1．__________ you need is more practice.
2．__________ we shall have our sports meet is still a question.
3．__________ we need more equipment is quite obvious.
4．That was __________ they were defeated.
5．The fact remains __________we are behind the other groups.
6．I have no idea __________we want to go next Sunday.
7．We expressed the hope __________ we would visit the city again.
8． _________ is troubling me is __________ I don't have much experience in this kind of work.
9．That is __________ the key lies.
10．That is __________ we are firmly against.
講解：
第1題填What，what在這里的意思是"……東西"，在從句中作need賓語。what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句做句子的主語。
第2題When，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語。引導(dǎo)主語從句。
第3題填That，由于主要從句we need more equipment是個(gè)完整的句子，不缺賓語，所以這里用that引導(dǎo)主語從句。注意，這是一個(gè)同學(xué)們常會(huì)錯(cuò)的問題。
第4題填how，在從句中作狀語�；騱hy在從句中作原因狀語。
第5題填that，這里是that引導(dǎo)的表語從句。
第6題填where，在從句中作go的地點(diǎn)狀語。
第7題填that，that引導(dǎo)的hope的同位語從句。
第8題第一個(gè)空填what，第二個(gè)空填that。這道題把what和that的區(qū)別都講到了，同學(xué)們可以留意一下。What在主語從句中作主語；that在表語從句中不作成分。
第9題填where，where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。
第10題填what，what在從句中作介詞against賓語，what的意思是"……的東西"。
【考題解析】
1.─I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
─Is that _____ you had a few days off ? (NMET99)
A. why B. when C. what D. where
【答案】A
【解析】從題干和所給的4個(gè)選擇中不難看出本題考查的是表語從句。"I drove to Zhuhai for the air show."提出一個(gè)事實(shí)，而第二句表明"I"不在的原因。故答案為A.why。
2.─It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me. (上海99)
A. what; that B. that; that
C. what; what D. that; what
【答案】A
【解析】該句考查的是強(qiáng)調(diào)句和主語從句。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句中的主語，而該句的主語又是一個(gè)從句。從這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中可以看出第二個(gè)空和"It was"構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句，故第二個(gè)空應(yīng)該是that；第一個(gè)空和"he said"構(gòu)成主語從句；在這個(gè)從句中"said"一詞后缺少賓語，故答案為A.what;that。