高一英語課外輔導資料 Unit 18 New Zealand
本單元重點單詞
description n. 描述 region n. 地區(qū) surround v. 環(huán)繞
climate n. 氣候 subtropical n. 亞熱帶 volcano n. 火山
narrow adj. 狹窄的 sign v. & n. 簽字;跡象 celebrate v. 慶祝
temperature n. 溫度 symbol n. 象征 desert n. 沙漠
quality n. 質(zhì)量
本單元重點短語
lie to 位于…… be made up of 由……組成 be surrounded by 被……環(huán)繞
be famous for 因……聞名 such as 例如 take possession of 擁有……
refer to 參考;所指 in relation to 與……有關 be marked with 標有……記號
compare…to…把……比作 stand for 代表 make up 占據(jù)空間
plenty of 大量;許多 be native to 原產(chǎn)于…… be careful in (在某方面)仔細
prepare for … 為……作準備
單詞及短語運用
一、 用所給單詞提示填空
1.lie
【用法一】vi. 平躺(不規(guī)則動詞,其過去式、過去分詞為lay,lain)
例如:lie on one's back/side仰/側(cè)臥
【用法二】v. 展現(xiàn),伸展
例如:A bright future lies ahead. 前途是光明的。
【用法三】v. 位于
例1:London _________ the River Thames. 倫敦位于泰晤士河畔。
例2:____________ a temple at the foot of the mountain. 山腳下有一座廟。
【用法四】v. & n. 說謊(規(guī)則動詞)
例1:You ____________ him! 你在對他說謊!
例2:They said she ____________ everyone. 他們說她對任何人都說謊。
【相關鏈接】
1)lie down 躺下
例如:__________________________. 去躺一會兒。
2)lie in 在于
例如:The answer __________ two facts. 答案在于兩個事實。
3)lie on 依賴,壓迫,取決于
例如:It _____________ us to accomplish the task. 完成這項任務是我們的責任。
4)lie up 臥床休息
例如:You'd better ___________ for a few more days. 你最好再多休息幾天。
5)lie有時后面跟形容詞,表示所處狀態(tài)。
例如:The book____________on the table. 那本書打開著,放在桌子上。
【相關鏈接2】
1)lay v. (laid,laid)放、擱;產(chǎn)卵、下蛋
例1:He _________the book on the table and left. 他把書放在桌上就走了。
例2:The hens ________ten eggs every day. 這些母雞每天下十個蛋。
2)liar n. 撒謊者
例如:A liar is not believed when he tells the truth. 說慣假話的人說真話時也沒有人會相信。
2.some
【用法一】adj. 一些,若干,幾個(可以修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞)
例1:Please bring _____________ without sugar. 請來點兒不加糖的咖啡。
例2:Ask ___________ to help you. 叫幾個男孩幫幫你。
【用法二】adj. (修飾單數(shù)名詞)某個(人或物)= a certain
例1:There must be ________________. 準是出了什么差錯。
例2:I suggested to Red that we should go to ________. 我向瑞得建議我們該去找個旅店。
【用法三】pron. 一些
例如:______________ can be cut each year for firewood. 一些樹每年可以被砍作柴火。
【用法四】adv. 大約,與about同義
例如:It happened ____________________. 這件事大約發(fā)生在三十年前。
【相關鏈接1】
some more 再來一點,更多 Would you like_______________beer?
【相關鏈接2】
somebody/someone 某人,有人 something 某事,某物
sometimes 有時 somewhere 在某處
3.surprising
【用法】adj. 令人驚奇的
例1:What you have just told me is very _____________ 你剛才告訴我的事真讓人吃驚。
例2:Is there ___________________________? I don't think so.
有關這事有什么讓人吃驚的?我認為沒有。
【相關鏈接】
surprising和surprised的區(qū)別:surprising和surprised都是由surprise派生來的形容詞,但surprised是“吃驚的”,“感到驚奇的”。
例如:He didn't notice the surprised look on her face. 他沒有注意到她臉上吃驚的表情。
4.majority
【用法】n. 大多數(shù)(常和the連用)
例如:The majority of people in the town want to encourage new industry in the are.
注意:majority 作主語時,謂語動詞可以是單數(shù),也可以是復數(shù),其反義詞是minority。
5.share
【用法一】v. 合用,分享
例1:We _________ a small room between us. 我們倆共用一個小房間。
例2:She never shared any of her husband's worries. 她從不分擔丈夫的任何憂愁。
【用法二】v. 分配,均分
例3:Mother is __________ the cakes to make sure that every boy gets some.
【用法二】n. 分得的一份,應承受的一份
例1:You have had _________________ of this apple-pie. 你吃的蘋果派比你應得的分量多。
例2:You must ___________________________. 你必須接受批評。
【相關鏈接】
take one's share 盡自己的一份責任
6.ship
【用法一】n. 大船
例如:They are making a ship. 他們在造一艘大船。
【用法二】v. 用輪船運送
例如:我正乘飛機去美國,而我的汽車用船運到美國。
I'm flying to America but my car is being ___________.
【相關鏈接1】by ship 坐船 They went by ship to New York. 他們乘船去了紐約。
【相關鏈接2】warship 戰(zhàn)船 spaceship宇宙飛船 steamship輪船
shipbuilding造船業(yè) shipyard造船廠
(二)重要詞組
1.make up
make up 創(chuàng)造,編造;和解;彌補;化裝;構成
例1:The teacher asked the children to ___________ a poem about Christmas.
例2:瑪麗和瓊吵架,但過了一會兒就和好了。
Mary and Joan quarreled, but ___________ after a while.
例3:John must ____________ the lessons he missed.
例4:我們到的時候,演員們正在化裝。The actors were ___________ when we arrived.
例5:九個運動員組成一個隊。Nine players ______________ a team.
注意:用于被動結(jié)構時,和of連用。
例如:這是由三個不同的部分組成的。This __________________three different parts.
【相關鏈接】
1)be made of 由……制成(從成品中可看得出原料)
例如:這座橋是鋼材造的。The bridge _____________________.
2)be made from 由……制成(從成品中看不出原料)
例如:鋼材是由鐵煉成的。Steel _______________ iron.
3)make up one's mind 打定主意,決定
例如:我決定到他那里去。I _________________________ to go to him.
4)make up for 彌補
例如:勤奮能補拙。Hard work can often __________________ a lack of intelligence.
5)be made up of 由……組成/構成
例如:這支流動醫(yī)療隊由十位醫(yī)生組成。The mobile medical team _________ of ten doctors.
7)be made into 被制成……
例如:玻璃制成瓶子。Glass _____________bottles.
8)be made in 在……地方制造
例如:你的車是上海產(chǎn)的嗎?___________________________________?
2.the same…as 和……一樣
例1:他和飛利普年齡差不多一樣大。He was about __________________Philip.
例2:她和他的感覺一樣。She felt __________________ he did.
【相關鏈接】
1)just the same 同樣地,照樣
例如:It won't make any difference to you. I'll pay for the lessons just the same.
對你不會有所不同,我還是照付功課錢。
2)the same to you 祝你也是如此
例如:Happy New Year! 新年快樂!
Thank you. The same to you! 謝謝!也祝你愉快!
3)all the same 盡管如此,仍然
例如:He gave us a lot of trouble, but I like him all the same.
盡管他給我們?nèi)橇撕芏嗦闊,可我還是喜歡他。
4)at the same time 同時
例如:I know he is untruthful. But, at the same time, I must admit he is a good worker.
我知道他不誠實,但我同時必須承認他是個好工人。
3.be famous for 因……而著名
例如:蘇格蘭有許多湖泊和山脈,并以其鄉(xiāng)村美景著稱。
Scotland has many lakes and mountains, and ______________ its beautiful countryside.
【相關鏈接】
be famous as 作為……而著名
例如:She is famous as a writer. 她作為作家而聞名。
4.take possession of 奪取,占有,占領
例如:警察奪過那個小偷的袋子。The policeman took possession of the thief's bag.
【相關鏈接】
1)have possession of 占有,擁有
例如:He _______________________ the house for ten years.他占有這棟房子已經(jīng)十年了。
2)in possession of 占有,擁有,持有
例如:Who ____________________ the property? 誰擁有這筆財產(chǎn)?
3)in one's possession = in the possession of sb. 在某人手中,由某人掌管,為某人所擁有
例如:The keys are_____________________. 鑰匙歸他管。
5.refer to
refer to 查閱,參閱;指……而言;適用于;提到,談到
例1:A person _______ a dictionary to find the meaning of words. 一個人要查字典找字意。
例2:When I said some people were stupid I wasn't ______________ you.
例3:This rule ____________ everyone. 這條規(guī)則適用于任何人。
例4:The speaker ___________his past experiences. 發(fā)言人提到了自己過去的經(jīng)歷。
6.compare … with
compare…with 把……和……進行比較
例如:I compared the translation with the original. 我把譯文和原文對照了一遍。
【相關鏈接】
compare … to … 把……比作
例如:The students compare their teachers to candles. 學生們把老師比作蠟燭。
7.stand for 代表;主張,提倡;(否定結(jié)構)容許,容忍
例1:What does NB ________________? NB代表什么?
例2:The teacher wouldn't ____________ such behavior. 老師不會容忍這樣的行為。
8.take place 發(fā)生
例如:Great changes________________in the last two years. 最近兩年發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
【相關鏈接】
1)take a/one's seat 坐下,就坐
例如:Come here and take a seat. 過來,坐下。
2)take it easy 別著急,別緊張
例如:We have time lift. _______________. 我們還有時間,別緊張。
3)take up 占用
例如:The box takes up _________________. 這個盒子太占地方。
4)take out 拿出
例如:He took out a photo and looked carefully. 他拿出張照片細看起來。
5)take away 拿走
例如:I'm not using the dictionary now; you may ___________.我現(xiàn)在不用字典,你可以拿走。
6)take off 脫下;(飛機)起飛
例1:You'd better take off your coat. 你最好脫掉外套。
例2:The flight takes off at 9 o'clock. 這班飛機九點鐘起飛。
9.turn to 查閱;求助于;變成;轉(zhuǎn)向
例1:They always________ me when they are in trouble. 他們一有困難就來找我。
例2:I have __________ all the well-known reference books for help.
例3:The snow soon turned to rain. 雪很快變成了雨。
例4:He turned to the study and practice of medicine. 他轉(zhuǎn)向醫(yī)學研究和實踐。
【相關鏈接】
1)turn out/off 關掉(電燈、煤氣等)
例如:He turned out the light and followed his wife upstairs. 他關掉燈跟著妻子上樓去了。
2)turn over 翻過來
例如:Turn over, or your back will get sunburnt. 翻過來,否則會曬傷你的背。
3)turn on 打開(開關等)
例如:He turned on his bath water. 他打開洗澡水。
4)turn down 把(聲音)放低,關小
例如:He turned down the oil lamp. 他把油燈弄暗。
5)turn into 變成
例如:It turned into a fine day. 天變晴了。
10.prepare for 為……做準備(= get ready for )
例如:Will you help me prepare for the party? 你能幫我準備晚會嗎?
二、語法精講:it的使用(1)--可以在句子中用作主語,起以下作用:
1.用來代替不定式、動名詞短語或從句,在句子中作形式主語。
例1:It is foolish of you to be still worrying about it. 你真傻,還在為這件事著急。
例2:It's no use talking to him about it. 和他談這事沒有作。
例3:It is very likely that their group will get ahead f us. 很有可能他們小組會趕到我們前面。
2.用來指人、時間、日期、距離、環(huán)境或天氣。
例1:-Who is knocking at the door? 誰在敲門? -It's me. 是我。
例2:It's rather windy today. 今天風挺大。
例3:It was October. 時間是十月份。
例4:It is about a night's journey to the place by train. 到該地坐火車要一個晚上。
例5:It was very quiet at the moment. 此時很安靜。
課堂練習
一、翻譯
1、新西蘭是澳大利亞東海岸外邊的一個島嶼。
2、它(新西蘭)由兩個大島組成,北島和南島。
3、新西蘭北面和東面被太平洋包圍,南面和西面則是塔斯曼海。
4、新西蘭葡萄酒質(zhì)量很高,行銷全世界。
5、北島是著名的溫泉勝地,有些溫泉的熱水能高高地噴向半空。
6、在1421年左右,中國水手在一次環(huán)球航行中發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些島嶼。
7、120多年后,詹姆士 庫克船長于1769年占領了這些島。
8、新西蘭是溫和的海洋性氣候,北部是亞熱帶氣候。
9、新西蘭大約有380萬人口,其中大約14%是毛利人。
10、二十世紀八十年代中期,越來越多的亞洲人定居在新西蘭,他們大約占眾人口的6%。
二、完成句子
1、安徽省位于江蘇省的西邊,河北省的南面。
Anhui Province _______ ______ _______ _______ ____ Jiangsu, but to the south of Hebei.
2、我父親出生在這個城市以西30公里處的一個小村莊。
My father was born in a small village, which ______ about____ ________ ________ _________ west of this city.
3、他們住在周圍有高大樹木的房子里。
They live in the house __________ ___________ tall trees.
4、這項工作很重要。
The work _______ ___________ __________ __________. = The work is very important.
5、他們計劃到香港定居。
They plan to ___________ ________________ Hong Kong.
6、那個國家由十個州組成。
That country _______ _________ ________ ______ten states.
7、我們的城市有200萬人口。
Our city _____ ______ __________ __________ 2,000,000.
8、PRC代表中華人民共和國。
PRC ________ ________ the People’s Republic of China.
9、在各項證件簽字以前,你不能住進這房子。
You can’t ________ ________ ________ the house until all the papers have been signed.
10、5歲以下的小孩僅占總?cè)丝诘?0%。
Children below 5 years old _________ ________ only 20 percent of the total population.
三、改錯:
1. Please compare this sentence to that one. _________
2. How much is the population of this city? _________
3. The majority of young people likes pop music. _________
4. China is about the same size that American. _________
5. The island lies on the northwest coast of Alaska. ________
6. The watch lied on the desk yesterday. _________
7. The machine is made of thousands of parts. ________
8. I was about to go out while the telephone rang. ________
9. Madam Curie was famous for the discover of radium. ________
10.That is important to master a foreign language. ________
11. Now is 6 o’clock. ________
12. Taiwan lies to the east of China. ________
四、單項填空
1.There______a tree in front of the house.
A.is used to B.is used being C.used to be D.used be
2.What you said is______me.Would you please explain it again?
A.over B.beyond C.on D.with
3.-How long has this bookshop been in business? -______1982.
A.After B.In C.From D.Since
4.All of us,______me,don’t want ourselves to be praised in public.
A.include B.to include C.including D.included
5.Weihai lies about 88 kilometers______.
A.east of Yantai B.to east of Yantai C.the east of Yantai D.Yantai east
6.As she______the newspaper,Granny______asleep.
A.read;was falling B.was reading;fell C.was reading;was falling D.read;fell
7.What do the letters“PRC”______?
A.stand by B.mean for C.refer by D.stand for
8.I hate all this travel;I want to get married and______.
A.turn down B.settle down C.take down D.settle up
9.In some parts of the world,tea______with milk and sugar.
A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served
10.-Where do they live? -The nearest island______the south of the mainland.
A.from B.off C.on D.away
11.I’ve lost my notebook.That is______to me.
A.of great important B.of great importance C.very importance D.of very useful
12.After I had walked for six hours,______.
A.I had been tired out B.I’ll be tired out
C.I was tired out D.I would have been tired out
13.-Nancy is not coming tonight. -But she______.
A.promises B.promised C.will promise D.had promised
14.They______friends since they met in Shanghai.
A.have made B.have become C.have been D.have turned
15.Though______money,his parents managed to send him to university.
A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in