一、時間狀語從句
常用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有as,when,whenever,while,before,after,till,until,as soon as等。
[考例1]A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity ____ here aches the end of the story.(2003上海高考)
A.when B.unless C.a(chǎn)fter D.until
[分析]主句謂語動詞hold是延續(xù)性動詞,根據(jù)句意:一個優(yōu)秀的講故事的人必須能夠把聽眾的好奇心保持到他講完故事為止。本題選D正確。
[考例2]Come and see me whenever ____.(2003北京高考)
A.you are convenient
B.you will be convenient
C.it is convenient to you
D.it will be convenient to you
[分析]在時間狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示將來。問某人是否覺得方便時,應(yīng)該使用下面句型:Is it convenient to sb.?convenient也常用于it作形式主語的句型中:It is convenient for sb.to do sth.本題選C正確。
[考例3]He made a mistake,but then he corrected the situation ____ it got worse.(2003北京高考)
A.until B.when C.before D.a(chǎn)s
[分析]根據(jù)句意:他犯了錯誤,但沒等局勢惡化,他就扭轉(zhuǎn)了局勢。before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,本題選C正確。
某些表示時間的副詞、名詞短語和介詞短語也可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。如directly,immediately,the instant,the moment,the minute,the day,the year,each /every time,next time,the first(second,last)time,by the time等。
[考例4]-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
-Yes,I gave it to her ____ I saw her.(2001北京、內(nèi)蒙古、安徽春招)
A.while B.the moment
C.suddenly D.once
[分析]名詞短語the moment可直接引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,其后面不要再用其它連詞。本題選B正確。
二、地點狀語從句
常用來引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有where,wherever等。
[考例5]The famous scientist grew up ____ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.(2002上海春招)
A.when B.whenever C.where D.wherever
[分析]根據(jù)句意:那位著名的科學(xué)家在出生地長大,于1930年來到上海。where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句,意為"在......的地方";wherever引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句時,意為"無論在哪里"。本題選C正確。
三、原因狀語從句
常用來引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有because,as,since,now that等。
[考例6]____ you've got a chance,you might as well make full use of it.(NMET1999)
A.Now that B.After
C.Although D.As soon as
[分析]now that意為"既然",常用來引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。本題選A正確。
[考例7]The Italian boy was regarded as a hero ____ he gave his life for his country.(MET1985)
A.a(chǎn)ccording to B.because of
C.on account of D.because
[分析]根據(jù)句意:那位意大利男孩被看作是英雄,因為他為祖國獻(xiàn)出了生命。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,而B和C兩個選項連接名詞或名詞短語。本題選D正確。
[考例8]We had better hurry ____ it is getting dark.(MET1984)
A.a(chǎn)nd B.but C.a(chǎn)s D.unless
[分析]根據(jù)句意:由于天漸漸黑了,我們最好抓緊時間。as在此引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。本題選C正確。
四、結(jié)果狀語從句
常用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有that,so(that),so...that,such...that等。
[考例9]We were in ____ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.(2003上海高考)
A.a(chǎn) rush so anxious
B.a(chǎn) such anxious rush
C.so an anxious rush
D.such an anxious rush
[分析]本句是由such...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句,由于句中插入了when we left這一時間狀語從句,它起到了較大的干擾作用,從而增加了試題的難度。本題選D正確。
五、目的狀語從句
常用來引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有that,so that,in order that,in case等。從句的謂語常由"can /could,may /might +動詞原形"構(gòu)成,有時也用"shall/should,will /would +動詞原形"。
[考例10]Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ____ her boss could read it first the next morning.(2003安徽春招)
A.so that B.because
C.before D.or else
[分析]根據(jù)句意分析,本句應(yīng)為目的狀語從句。本題選A正確。
六、條件狀語從句
常用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有if,unless,when(如果),suppose,sup-posing,given that,in case(that),on condition that,as /so long as等。
[考例11]____ I know the money is safe,I shall not worry about it.(2003北京高考)
A.Even though B.Unless
C.As long as D.While
[分析]as long as意為"只要",引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。根據(jù)句意分析,本題選C正確。
[考例12]Don't be afraid of asking for help ____ it is needed.(NMET2003)
A.unless B.since
C.a(chǎn)lthough D.when
[分析]根據(jù)句意分析,when在此句中意為"如果",引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,相當(dāng)于if。本題選D正確。
[考例13]I would appreciate it ____ you call back this afternoon for the doctor's appointment.(2003上海春招)
A.until B.if C.when D.that
[分析]根據(jù)句意分析,本句是由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,本題選B正確。
[考例14]You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway.(2001上海春招)
A.even if B.a(chǎn)s though
C.a(chǎn)s long as D.unless
[分析]本句意為:如果你不中途放棄,你最終會成功。本題選D正確。
[考例15]I shall stay in the hotel all day ____ there is news of the missing child.(2000上海春招)
A.in case
B.no matter
C.in any case
D.ever since
[分析]in case意為"以防",用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。本句意為:我將在旅店呆一整天,以防有丟失孩子的消息。本題選A正確。
七、讓步狀語從句
常用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有though,although,even if/though,whatever,whoever,whichever,however,whether...or...,no matter who等。
[考例16]-Dad,I've finished my assignment.
-Good,and ____ you play or watch TV,you mustn't disturb me.(2003上海高考)
A.whenever B.whether
C.whatever D.no matter
[分析]由題干中的or可知,這是由whether...or...引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。本題選B正確。
[考例17]Mr.Hall understands that ____ math has always been easy for him,it is not easy for the students.(2003安徽春招)
A.unless B.since
C.a(chǎn)lthough D.when
[分析]根據(jù)句意分析,本句是由al-though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。本題選C正確。
[考例18]We'll have to finish the job,____.(NMET1999)
A.long it takes however
B.it takes however long
C.long however it takes
D.however long it takes
[分析]根據(jù)句意:不管用多長時間,我們都要把工作做完。本題選D正確。
八、方式狀語從句
常用來引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有as,as if /though,the way,how,as...a(chǎn)s,not so/as...a(chǎn)s,than等。
[考例19]John plays football ____,if not better than,David.(NMET1994)
A.a(chǎn)s well B.a(chǎn)s well as
C.so well D.so well as
[分析]本題主要考查副詞的比較等級,該句型屬于表示比較的方式狀語從句。本題選B正確。