Unit 6 Detective stories（1）
第六單元 偵探小說(shuō)
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)
1. Why are you dressed like that, Eddied? 埃迪，為什么你穿成那樣？
2. I’m a detective. 我是一個(gè)偵探。
★detective用作名詞，意為“偵探”。如：
①He is a private detective. 他是一名私人偵探。
②His father is a detective. 他父親是一位偵探。
★detective用作形容詞，意為“偵探的”。如：
①M(fèi)y brother likes reading detective novels. 我弟弟喜歡看偵探小說(shuō)。
②Have you seen that detective film? 你看過(guò)地部偵探片了嗎？
★detect用作動(dòng)詞，意為“偵察”“偵查（罪案等）”“察覺(jué)”。如：
①This police officer’s job is to detect fraud. 這位警官負(fù)責(zé)偵查欺詐案。
②Mr. Green said that detecting the murder was his duty.
格式先生說(shuō)偵查這起謀殺案是他的責(zé)任。
③Can you detect any change in the room? 你發(fā)現(xiàn)房間里有什么變化嗎？
3. No, this is much more serious. 不，這要嚴(yán)重多。
★serious用作形容詞，意為“莊重的”“嚴(yán)肅的”。如：
①He looks very serious. 他看上去非常莊重。
②I want to have a serious talk with you. 我要和你嚴(yán)肅地談一下。
③He was serious about his future. 他很認(rèn)真地面對(duì)未來(lái)。
★serious用作形容詞，意為“重大的”“危險(xiǎn)的”。如：
①The mistake is not very serious. 錯(cuò)誤并不十分嚴(yán)重。
②That is a serious problem. 那是個(gè)重大的問(wèn)題。
③He has a serous illness. 他患了重病。
★seriously用作副詞，意為“嚴(yán)重地”“嚴(yán)肅地”“認(rèn)真地”。如：
①Three people were seriously injured in the accident. 在那事故中有三人嚴(yán)重受傷。
②His mother is seriously ill. 他媽媽病得很重。
③It’s time you started to think seriously about the future. 是認(rèn)真考慮你前途的時(shí)候了。
④Don’t look at me so seriously. 別那樣一本正經(jīng)地看著我。
4. My food has gone missing. 我的食物不見(jiàn)了。
★go可用作連系動(dòng)詞，意為“變成”“處于……狀態(tài)”，后接形容詞，而且多指不好的變化。如：
①The food has gone bad. 食物變質(zhì)了。
②I can’t understand how I went wrong. 我搞不清是怎么走錯(cuò)路的。
③His face went red with anger. 他氣得滿臉通紅。
④What can be done in order to make sure that no one in the world goes hungry?
為了確保世界上沒(méi)有人挨餓，人們可以做些什么呢？
★look是表示感覺(jué)的連系動(dòng)詞，意為“看不去、看起來(lái)”。用作連系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞做表語(yǔ)。如：
①He looks quite strong. 他看起來(lái)很強(qiáng)壯。
②She looked very upset when she heard that she had failed the exam.
聽(tīng)到考試不及格時(shí)，她看起來(lái)很難過(guò)。
③He looks very happy today. 他今天看上去很開(kāi)心。
【注】與look類似的還有sound, smell, taste, feel，這幾個(gè)詞都可表示某一事物給人的感覺(jué)怎樣。如：
④Your answer doesn’t sound right. 你的回答聽(tīng)起來(lái)不大對(duì)。
⑤The meat smells bad(terrible). 這肉變味了。
⑥Your forehead feels hot. 你的前額摸上去有點(diǎn)熱。
⑦The dishes my mother cooks taste delicious. 我媽媽燒的菜味道很好。
⑧His idea sounds strange, but think it over and you will find it reasonable.
他的想法聽(tīng)起來(lái)奇怪，但仔細(xì)一想，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它很有道理。
⑨The material feels soft like silk. 這料子摸上去像絲綢一樣柔軟。
★become, get, grow, turn, 等也作連系動(dòng)詞，意思多為“轉(zhuǎn)變”“變得”，后接形容詞，一般指逐漸變化的過(guò)程。如：
①He became sad when he heard the news. 聽(tīng)到這消息，他變得很傷心。
②They never knew that the population problem would become so serious.
他們根本不知道人口問(wèn)題會(huì)變得這么嚴(yán)重。
③Hurry up! It’s getting dark. 快點(diǎn)，天就要黑了。
④The days get shorter and the nights get longer. 白晝變短了，而夜晚變長(zhǎng)了。
⑤The more they though about it, the angrier they grew. 他們?cè)较朐綒鈶崱?/p>
⑥Leaves turn brown in autumn. 樹(shù)葉到秋天就變黃了。
⑦He turned pale at the thought of the matter. 想到這件事情，他臉色變得蒼白。
5. missing的用法
6. Many people like to read detective stories because they are exciting.
許多人喜歡看偵探小說(shuō)因?yàn)檫@些故事刺激。
★excited表示“興奮的”“激動(dòng)的”，它在句中作表語(yǔ)，通常指人的感覺(jué)，許多時(shí)候與介詞about和at連用。如：
①What are you so excited about? 什么事使你這么激動(dòng)？
②The boy is excited about/at the football match. 男孩對(duì)這場(chǎng)足球賽感到非常興奮。
③He was very excited about / at finding such big bird eggs.
他對(duì)找到如此大的鳥(niǎo)蛋感到很興奮。
★exciting也為形容詞，意為“令人激動(dòng)的”“令人興奮的”，它在句中多作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，常指事物的情況。如：
①What exciting news it is! 這是多么振奮人心的消息呀！
②I’ve never seen such an exciting match before! 以前我從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)如此激動(dòng)人心的比賽。
③I found her too excited to say a word. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)她激動(dòng)得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。
④It was exciting to talk to her. 和她交談是一件令人興奮的事。
7. Read the detective’s report and his notes on the suspects.
讀一下偵探有關(guān)犯罪嫌疑人的報(bào)告和筆記。
★report用作名詞，意為“報(bào)告”“報(bào)導(dǎo)”“匯報(bào)”。如：
①He made a report on the problem. 他對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題作了報(bào)導(dǎo)。
②Her report was very interesting. 她作的報(bào)告非常有趣。
③I will write a report this evening. 今晚我要寫一個(gè)報(bào)告。
④Did you watch the news report of the accident? 你看了那次事故的報(bào)道了嗎？
★report用作動(dòng)詞，意為“報(bào)告”“報(bào)道”“傳達(dá)”“匯報(bào)”。如：
①All accidents must be reported to the police. 所有的意外事故都要報(bào)告警方。
②Some people reported having seeing the boy. 有幾個(gè)人說(shuō)曾經(jīng)見(jiàn)過(guò)那個(gè)男孩。
③The event wasn’t reported in the newspaper. 這事件沒(méi)有在報(bào)紙上報(bào)道。
④I’ll report to you if he comes back. 他回來(lái)的話，我就向你報(bào)告。
★It is reported that…意為“據(jù)報(bào)道……”。如：
①It is reported that the number of the tigers is increasing. 據(jù)報(bào)道，老虎的數(shù)量在增加。
②It is reported that the murderer has been caught. 據(jù)報(bào)道，那個(gè)兇手已經(jīng)抓到。
【注】It is said that…意為“據(jù)說(shuō)”。如：
③It is said that he has come back from England. 據(jù)說(shuō)他從英國(guó)回來(lái)了。
④It is said that he has passed the driving test. 據(jù)說(shuō)他通過(guò)了駕駛考試。
8. note的用法
★note用作名詞，意為“筆記”“記錄”“便條”“紙幣”等。如：
①You must listen to the teacher carefully and take notes in class.
在課堂上，你必須認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師講，并記好筆記。
②I should look at my notes. 我得看看我的筆記。
③I left a not to him to tell him to attend the meeting in afternoon.
我留下一張便條叫他下午來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)。
④She said that she would send him five ten-pound notes.
她說(shuō)她將給他寄去五張十磅的鈔票。
⑤You must learn to make(take) notes in class. 你必須學(xué)會(huì)在課堂上記筆記。
★note用作動(dòng)詞，意為“記下”“寫下”“注意”。如：
①The policeman noted the driver’s name and address. 警察記下了司機(jī)的名字和地址。
②Drivers must note road signs. 司機(jī)必須注意看路標(biāo)。
③Please note that the book must be returned in a week. 請(qǐng)注意這本書(shū)必須在一周內(nèi)歸還。
9. We have four suspects. 我們有四名嫌疑人。
★suspect和作可數(shù)名詞，意為“嫌疑犯”。如：
①When the man was found dead, the police caught two suspects.
當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)那人死后，警察抓住了兩名嫌疑犯。
②He is one of the suspects. 他是嫌疑犯中的一個(gè)。
★suspect用作動(dòng)詞，意為“懷疑”“猜想”。如：
①Do you suspect me? 你懷疑我嗎？
②He suspected me of taking his money. 他懷疑我拿他的錢。
③I suspect him to be a pickpocket. 我猜想他是個(gè)扒手。
10. height的用法
★height用作名詞，意為“高度”“身高”。如：
①What is the height of the mountain? 這山有多高？
②He is two meters in height. 他身高二米。
③The aircraft was flying at a height of 2,000 feet. 飛機(jī)在2000英尺的高空飛行。
11. untidy的用法
untidy為形容詞，意思是“不整潔的”“邋遢的”。是tidy的反義詞。如：
①What an untidy room! 多亂的房間��！
②This is an untidy garden, isn’t it? 這花園很亂，不是嗎？
③Although he is a famous scientist, he looks so untidy.
盡管他是一位著名的科學(xué)家，但是他看起來(lái)比較邋遢。
12. Police have confirmed that the victim was a computer programmer.
經(jīng)警察確認(rèn)受害者是一位計(jì)算機(jī)程序員。
confirm用作動(dòng)詞，意為“證實(shí)”“證明（報(bào)告，意見(jiàn)等）的正確性”。如：
①The report was later confirmed. 后來(lái)，這份報(bào)告得到了證實(shí)。
②Please send an E-mail to confirm your arrival date.
請(qǐng)發(fā)一封電子郵件確認(rèn)一下你的抵達(dá)日期。
③When asked, she confirmed that she was going to retire.
有人問(wèn)她時(shí)，她肯定了她將要退休。
④Our teacher confirmed that little Tom had been ill in hospital 3 days before.
我們的班主任已經(jīng)證實(shí)小湯姆三天前就生病住院了。
⑤His illness confirmed my suspicions. 他的生病證明了我的猜疑屬實(shí)。
13. He was last seen leaving his office in New Town at about 7 p.m.
人們最后一次看見(jiàn)他大概是在下午7點(diǎn)他離開(kāi)新鎮(zhèn)辦公室的時(shí)候。
動(dòng)詞leave除表示“離開(kāi)”以外，還有以下幾種用法。
★leave用作動(dòng)詞，意為“留下”“丟下”。如：
①Better take off your shoes and leave them outside. 最好把鞋子脫掉，放在外面。
②He left his umbrella in the train. 他把傘忘在火車上了。
★leave表示“剩下”，大多情況下用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)或過(guò)去分詞形式。如：
①In the past no trees were left in or around the village.
＝In the past there were no trees left in or around the village.
過(guò)去這個(gè)村里及周圍沒(méi)剩下一棵樹(shù)。
②I’ve got three tickets left for tonight’s film. 今晚的電影票我有三張多余的。
③Is there any water left in the thermos. 熱水瓶里還有水嗎？
④Twenty dollars of income a week doesn’t leave much for saving.
每周20美元的收入剩不了多少可以攢的。
★leave用作動(dòng)詞，表示“使……(處于某種狀態(tài)之中)”，接賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：
①Leave the door open when you go out. 出去時(shí)，不要關(guān)門。
②His illness left him very weak. 他生病以后，身體很虛弱。
③Those men covered their faces with a piece of black cloth, leaving only their eyes exposed.
那些人用一塊黑布遮住臉，只露出他們的眼睛。
④We left her standing there happy and excited.
我們讓她一個(gè)人站在那兒，她顯得既愉快又興奮。
【注】我們說(shuō)leave作“遺忘”解時(shí)通常帶一個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這是因?yàn)槿绷藸钫Z(yǔ)句子意思不能完整。如：She left the book. 一句意思顯然不明確，非得說(shuō)She left the book in my room the other day. 意思才完整。
14. Police believe that the murder took place between 9 p.m and 1 a.m last night.
警察確信這起兇殺案發(fā)生于昨晚9點(diǎn)到凌晨1點(diǎn)之間。
believe的用法見(jiàn)Unit 2
15. take place的用法
請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)Unit 4
16. They are not sure whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then dumped in Valley Town, or killed at the place where he was found.
他們懷疑被害人是否被害于別的什么地方然后移尸到峽谷鎮(zhèn)還是被害于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
whether用作連詞，表示“是否”，有疑問(wèn)的含義。一般情況下whether和if可以互換，都可放在ask, know, see, learn, understand, wonder等詞的后面引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。但在以下幾種情況中通常只能用whether。如：
★whether用在介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中。如：
①It depends on whether he’s ready. 這取決于他是否準(zhǔn)備好了。
②I’m not interested in whether you’ll come or not. 你來(lái)不來(lái)我都不感興趣。
★whether與or not連用。間或也可用if…or not。如：
①I couldn’t decide whether or not to go to the party. 我不能決定是否參加晚會(huì)。
②I wonder whether I’ll catch the last bus or not. 我不知道能否趕得上末班公共汽車。
★whether從句在句首時(shí)，不能用if。如：
①Whether you see her or not, phone me later. 無(wú)論你是否看見(jiàn)她，過(guò)后打電話給我。
②Whether it is good or not, I can’t say. 我說(shuō)不上這是好還是不好。
★whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不能用if。如：
①Whether he’ll come is very important. 他是否會(huì)來(lái)非常重要。
②The question is whether they will arrive on time. 問(wèn)題是他們會(huì)不會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到來(lái)。
③The question whether we should go there must be decided then.
我們是否應(yīng)該去那兒這個(gè)問(wèn)題必須迅速作出決定。
★whether與不定式連用時(shí)，不能用if。如：
①Please tell me whether to close the window. 請(qǐng)告訴我是否要關(guān)窗戶。
②He doesn’t know whether to stay at his uncle’s. 他不知道是否該留在叔叔家。
17. else的用法
參見(jiàn)Unit 1
18. dump的用法
★dump用作動(dòng)詞，意為“堆放”“傾倒”“丟棄”，尤其指隨便地，不負(fù)責(zé)任的堆放或傾倒。如：
①Don’t dump that sand in the middle of the road. 不要把沙子倒在路中間。
②They dumped their bags on my floor and left. 他們把袋子胡亂放在我的地板上就走了。
③We must stop them from dumping waste in the river.
我們必須阻止他們向河里傾倒廢物。
【注】dump用作名詞，意為“垃圾場(chǎng)”。
19. We are asking anyone who saw anything suspicious last night to contact us.
我們迫切希望昨晚看到任何可疑現(xiàn)象的人與我們聯(lián)系。
★suspicious用作形容詞，意為“有疑心的”“表示懷疑的”“可疑的”，與of或about連用。如：
①I was very suspicious about his words. 我對(duì)他所說(shuō)的話有懷疑。
②What he said made the police suspicious. 他說(shuō)的話引起了警察的懷疑。
③I’m very suspicious that she was not at home on the evening the murder.
謀殺案當(dāng)晚她不在家，此點(diǎn)非�？梢�。
★動(dòng)詞doubt也作“懷疑”解，doubt可接名詞或代作賓語(yǔ)，還可以接賓語(yǔ)從句。如：
①They doubt him before. 他們以前曾懷疑過(guò)他。
②I doubt whether what he said is true. 我懷疑他所說(shuō)的是否屬實(shí)。
③I don’t doubt that he can swim across the river. 我相信他能游過(guò)河去。
④I doubt that he can do the job well. 我不相信他能把這項(xiàng)工作做好。
★doubt作名詞時(shí)可接同位語(yǔ)從句。用于否定句時(shí)可接that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句；用于肯定句時(shí)，后接whether引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，whether不可以用if替換。如：
①There is no doubt that he will give you some advice on your study.
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，他會(huì)就你的學(xué)習(xí)給你作一些指導(dǎo)的。
②There is no doubt that she will marry him. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，他一定會(huì)娶他。
③There is some doubt whether they will win the match.
他們會(huì)不會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)比賽還不能肯定。
★doubt作名詞常與介詞about, of, as, to, on等連用。如：
①I have no doubt of his honesty. 對(duì)于他的誠(chéng)實(shí)我毫不懷疑。
②There is no doubt about it. 此事無(wú)可懷疑。
③He has his doubts as to this being true. 他懷疑這事是否真實(shí)。
④No one has any doubt on this point. 這一點(diǎn)沒(méi)有人會(huì)懷疑。
20. contact的用法
★contact用作動(dòng)詞，意為“聯(lián)系”“聯(lián)絡(luò)”“接觸”。如：
①Where can I contact you tomorrow? 明天我在哪里跟你聯(lián)系？
②Please tell me how I can contact you. 告訴我怎樣與你聯(lián)系。
★contact用作名詞，意為“聯(lián)系”“聯(lián)絡(luò)”“接觸”，相當(dāng)于touch，常與介詞with連用。如：
①Have you been in contact with him these days? 你近來(lái)與他聯(lián)系過(guò)嗎？
②I’ll try to get in contact with him tomorrow. 明天我將設(shè)法與他取得聯(lián)絡(luò)。
③You should keep in contact with him. 你應(yīng)該與他保持聯(lián)系。
21. Valley Town’s top detective峽谷鎮(zhèn)最好的偵探
★top用作形容詞，意為“最高的”“杰出的”“第一位的”“最好的”。如：
①He is a top student in our class. 他是我們班上尖子學(xué)生。
②He lives on the top floor. 他住在頂層。
③Don’t drive at top speed. 不要以最高時(shí)速開(kāi)車。
④He won the prize as a top director. 他獲得了最佳導(dǎo)演獎(jiǎng)。
⑤Have you read the top news in today’s newspaper?
你看了今天報(bào)紙上的頭條新聞了嗎？
★top作名詞用，意為“頂”“頂部”“上部”“頂蓋”“頂點(diǎn)”。如：
①There is a tower at the top of the hill. 山頂上有一座塔。
②The top of a table is red. 一張桌子的桌面是紅色的。
③Please read Line 9 from the top. 請(qǐng)看正數(shù)第9行。
④The bottle top is broken. 瓶蓋壞了。
⑤It’s comfortable to sit in a carriage without a top. 坐無(wú)篷的馬車很舒服。
⑥Please take the top of the table. 請(qǐng)坐上座。
⑦The government tops will hold an important meeting tomorrow.
政府高級(jí)官員明天要開(kāi)重要的會(huì)議。
⑧The top of the crop only makes up 30%。 收成中最好的部分僅占30%。
22. We are particularly interested in hearing from anyone who saw anything unusual near Upper Street.
我們還特別想向昨晚在阿佩爾街附近看到任何可疑之處的人了解情況。
particularly的用法參見(jiàn)Unit 5
23. Detective Jones said that the victim was attacked with a knife and bled to death as a result.
約翰偵探說(shuō)受害者是遭到了刀的襲擊，因而流血致死。
★attack用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“攻擊”“（疾病等）侵襲”。如：
①The wolves attacked the villages yesterday. 昨天狼群攻擊了村民。
②His remarks were attacked in the newspaper. 他的言論在報(bào)紙上受到抨擊。
③This disease attacks most crops. 這種疾病侵襲了大部分莊稼。
④He is easy to be attacked with a disease. 他很容易生病。
★attack用作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“攻擊”。如：
①They will attack next month. 他們將于下個(gè)月進(jìn)攻。
②The enemy attacked at night. 敵軍在夜間發(fā)起攻擊。
★attack用作名詞，意為“攻擊”“進(jìn)攻”“(疾病等)侵襲”。如：
①They made a surprise attack and seized the city. 他們突然襲擊并占領(lǐng)了那座城市。
②He had a heart attack last night. 昨天夜里他心臟病突發(fā)。
24. as a result的用法
參見(jiàn)Unit 4
25. There was also evidence of a struggle. 還有博斗痕跡。
★evidence用作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“證明”“證據(jù)”“證詞”。如：
①An important piece of evidence has been found. 發(fā)現(xiàn)了一條重要證據(jù)。
②There is some evidence to suggest that he was there on the night she was murdered.
有一些證據(jù)證明她被謀殺當(dāng)晚他在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
③Running away was evidence of his guilt. 他逃走就證明了他是有罪的。
④Her statement to the police was used in evidence against him.
她向警察所作的口供，成了指控他的證據(jù)。
★evidence還要作“形跡”“跡象”“征兆”解。如：
①There is evidence of his having slept here. 這兒有他睡過(guò)的跡象。
②There was no evidence of a struggle in the room. 房間里找不出博斗的痕跡。
★in evidence意為“顯眼”。如：
①The police were much in evidence whenever the President made a public appearance.
每當(dāng)總統(tǒng)在公開(kāi)場(chǎng)合露面時(shí)，到處都可以看到警察。
②Her red hair was much in evidence in the crowd. 她那一頭紅發(fā)在人群中格外醒目。
③He’s the sort of man who likes to be very much in evidence at important meetings.
他是非常喜歡在重大會(huì)議上出風(fēng)頭的那種人。
26. struggle的用法
★struggle用作名詞，意為“爭(zhēng)斗”“費(fèi)勁”。如：
①Don’t give up without a struggle. 不要沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)努力就放棄。
②There people were hurt in the struggle. 有三人在這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)斗中受傷。
③It was a struggle for her to make him understand. 她費(fèi)了好大勁才使他理解。
④With a struggle, she controlled her feelings. 她竭力控制住自己的感情。
★struggle作為不及物動(dòng)詞，意思是“艱難地進(jìn)行，掙扎著……”。如：
①She struggled and struggled, but could not get on her feet. 她拼命掙扎著，卻無(wú)法站穩(wěn)。
②The chick finally broke through the shell and struggled out.
小雞終于破開(kāi)蛋殼，掙扎著鉆了出來(lái)。
③The old granny struggled against the snowstorm to the hospital.
老奶奶在暴風(fēng)雪中艱難地向醫(yī)院走去。
★struggle作為不及物動(dòng)詞，意思是“(與某人)爭(zhēng)斗，博斗，打斗”，常與with或for連用。如：
①The shopkeeper struggled with the thief. 店主與竊賊搏斗起來(lái)。
②The couple first quarreled and later they even struggled.
那對(duì)夫婦先是爭(zhēng)吵，后來(lái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)打了起來(lái)。
③He has been struggling with illness for many years. 他與疾病搏斗了好多年。
④We should struggle for our ideal. 我們應(yīng)該為理想奮斗。
⑤The two leaders are struggling for power. 那兩個(gè)人正在爭(zhēng)奪權(quán)力。
★fight的原義是“打仗，戰(zhàn)斗”，也可引申為一般的“斗爭(zhēng)”，指力圖戰(zhàn)勝某人或某事物。fight可作及物動(dòng)詞用，意思是“和……作戰(zhàn)(作斗爭(zhēng)，打)”；fight可作不及物動(dòng)詞用，其后跟against, with, for等介詞引起的短語(yǔ)。fight for表示“為……戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(斗爭(zhēng)、奮斗)”；fight against表示“為反對(duì)……而斗爭(zhēng)，和……作斗爭(zhēng)”；fight with表示“和……斗爭(zhēng)”(此時(shí)相當(dāng)于)，還有“和……在一起戰(zhàn)斗”的意思。如：
①We are fighting for peace. 我們?cè)跒楹推蕉鴳?zhàn)斗。
②Thy fought with the Italians in the last war and against them in this.
在上次大戰(zhàn)中他們和意大利人一起作戰(zhàn)，而在這次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中卻和他們進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)斗。
27. “The victim obviously put up a good fight,” said Detective Jones.
“很明顯，受害者進(jìn)行了殊死搏斗，”約翰偵探說(shuō)。
★obviously用作副詞，意為“明顯地”“顯然地”“清楚地”，相當(dāng)于clearly。如：
①Obviously he can tell the difference between them. 顯然他無(wú)法區(qū)別兩者之間的不同。
②The girl kept shouting and crying, obviously mad. 那女孩不停地哭喊，顯然是瘋了。
③Obviously, you didn’t read it. 你明顯沒(méi)有讀過(guò)它。
★obvious用作形容詞，意為“明顯的”“清楚的”“顯而易見(jiàn)的”。如：
①It’s quite obvious that he is lying. 很明顯他是在撒謊。
②It is obvious that he was killed. 顯然他是被殺死的。
③It is quite obvious that he didn’t do it himself. 顯然他沒(méi)有親自去做。
28. put up的用法
★put up意為“(在戰(zhàn)斗、比賽中)進(jìn)行(抵抗、斗爭(zhēng)等)”“進(jìn)行反抗”，常用于put up a fight短語(yǔ)。如：
①They surrendered without putting up much of a fight.
他們沒(méi)怎么抵抗就投降了。
②In the end he was arrested without putting up much of a fight.
最后他沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)多少反抗就被捕了。
③The old lady put up a fight / struggle against her attacker.
那位老婦奮力反抗襲擊她的人。
④The thief was caught without putting up of a fight.
那小偷沒(méi)有進(jìn)行反抗就被抓了。
★put up是固定短語(yǔ)，意思是“建造”“建成”“搭建”。如：
①A modern hospital was put up last year in my hometown.
去年，我家鄉(xiāng)建造了一座現(xiàn)代化的醫(yī)院。
②They put up many tall building last year. 他們?nèi)ツ晟w了許多高樓。
③A paper factory has been put up in my home town. 我的家鄉(xiāng)建立了一家造紙廠。
④We must put up a shed here. 我們必須在家搭個(gè)棚子。
★put up是固定短語(yǔ)，意思是“升起或舉起事物”。如：
①Put up your hand if you want to ask a question. 若要提問(wèn)題就把手舉起來(lái)。
②She has put her hair up. 她把頭發(fā)挽在頭上。
③Every Monday morning all the students collect on the playground to put up the national flag.
每周一早晨所有的學(xué)生集中在操場(chǎng)上升國(guó)旗。
④Put up your hand if you come up with an idea. 如果你想到了辦法就舉手。
★put up還要表示“向某人提供食宿；獲得食宿安排，暫住”的意思。如：
①We can put you up for the night. 我們可以招待你過(guò)夜。
②Will the school put up the students? 學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供食宿嗎？
③That night we put up in a peasant’s home. 那一夜我們住在一位農(nóng)民家。
★put up可用來(lái)表示“掛起，張貼”。如：
①A new notice has been put up. 已經(jīng)貼出來(lái)一張新的通告。
②He took down the old picture and put up the new one.
他把舊畫(huà)拿了下來(lái)，掛上一幅新畫(huà)。
③Why not write a note and put it up on the tree? 為什么不寫張紙條張貼在樹(shù)上呢？
★put on可用來(lái)表示“穿上(衣服)”“上演(戲劇)”。如：
①He put on his coat and hat and went out. 他穿上大衣，戴上帽子出去了。
②She put on her glasses and began to read the letter. 她戴上眼鏡，讀起信來(lái)。
③Has the play been put on at this theater? 這個(gè)劇院上演過(guò)那部劇嗎？
④What do you think of the play put on by the students? 你覺(jué)得學(xué)生演出的那出戲怎么樣?
★put on可用來(lái)表示“伸出”“撲滅”。如：
①He put on his hand in welcome. 他伸出手表示歡迎。
②The doctor asked the boy to put his tongue out. 醫(yī)生叫孩子把舌頭伸出來(lái)。
③She put the light out and went to sleep. 她關(guān)上燈睡覺(jué)了。
④The fire was put out soon after it broke out. 大火燒起來(lái)不久就被撲滅了。
★put away表示“收起來(lái)”“保存”。如：
①Let’s put our Christmas Sins away and keep them a while.
我們還是把圣誕禮物暫時(shí)保存起來(lái)吧。
②Don’t forget to put those old painting away. 別忘了把那些舊畫(huà)收起來(lái)。
③Put away you coats in summer. 夏天時(shí)把大衣收起來(lái)。
★put off表示“推遲”。如：
①The meeting has been put off because of the rain. 大會(huì)因大雨而延期舉行。
★put one’s heart into…表示“全神貫注于……”。如：
①You can do anything well if you put your heart into it.
如果你全身心地投入，你什么都能做好。
②He put his heart into his work and didn’t notice me.
他全神貫注地工作著，并沒(méi)有注意到我。
★put的其他常見(jiàn)用法。如：
①It’s time to put an end to the meeting. 會(huì)議結(jié)束的時(shí)間到了。
②I’m sorry to put you to so much trouble. 給你添了這么多麻煩，實(shí)在抱歉。
③The murderer was put to death. 那殺人犯被處決了。
④Put the baby to bed when it is asleep. 孩子睡著了就送他上床。
⑤I may have been wrong but put yourself in my place.
我也許錯(cuò)了，但你設(shè)身處地替我想一想。
29. It is possible that there was more than one attacker. 兇手可能不止一個(gè)人。
★more than與數(shù)詞連用，意為“多于”“大于”“超過(guò)”，相當(dāng)于over。如：
①I have known him for more than twenty years. 我認(rèn)識(shí)他已超過(guò)二十年了。
②More than ten policeman turned up at the spot where the accident happened.
十多位警察出現(xiàn)在出事地點(diǎn)。
③There were more than 100 people at the party. 有100多人參加了聚會(huì)。
④I have been there more than once. 我不止一次去過(guò)那兒了。
⑤There are more than fifty students in our class. 我們班上有五十多位學(xué)生。
★more than意為“不只是”“不僅僅是”“遠(yuǎn)不止”，相當(dāng)于not only，后面跟名詞。如：
①Kate was more than a teacher. She also did what she could to take care of her pupils.
凱特不僅僅是位教師，她還盡其所能照顧她的學(xué)生。
②Tom and Jack are more than classmates. They are close friends.
湯姆和杰克遠(yuǎn)不止是同班同學(xué)，他們是知心朋友。
③She was much more than a friend to me. 對(duì)我而言，她遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止是個(gè)朋友。
★more than意為“非�！薄笆帧背Ｓ脕�(lái)修飾形容詞和分詞，相當(dāng)于very。如：
①When I asked them for help, they were more than glad to come.
當(dāng)我向他們求助時(shí)，他們非常樂(lè)意地來(lái)了。
②They were more than happy to see us come back from the expedition.
看到我們遠(yuǎn)征而歸，他們異常高興。
★no more than意為“僅僅”“只有”“只是”，相當(dāng)于only或just，后接名詞或數(shù)詞。如：
①All his education added up to no more than one year.
他接受的所有的學(xué)校教育只有一年。
②Their new flat has no more than 60 square metres. 他們的新居只有60平方米。
③It’s no more than a guess. 這只不過(guò)是猜測(cè)而已。
④He ate no more than a piece of bread for breakfast. 他早餐僅吃了一塊面包。
★not more than意為“至多”“不超過(guò)”，相當(dāng)于at most。如：
①Lying on the ground was a peasant boy of not more than seventeen.
躺在地上的那個(gè)農(nóng)家男孩最多十七歲。
②There are not more than ten apples on the table. 桌子上至多有十個(gè)蘋果。
③Not more than ten students can answer this question. 不超過(guò)十個(gè)學(xué)生回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
★no more…than，意為“兩者同樣不”“與……一樣不”，用于程度上的比較，其作用相當(dāng)于neither…nor。如：
①Jack is no more diligent than John. 杰克和約翰誰(shuí)都不勤奮。
②This novel is no more interesting than that one. 這本小說(shuō)和那本小說(shuō)都沒(méi)趣。
③He is no more a good player than I am. 他和我一樣都不是好球員。
④I am no more satisfied than she is. 我和她一樣不滿意。
⑤He can not speak French any more than I can. 他不會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，我也不會(huì)。
★not more…than意為“不及”“不如”，強(qiáng)調(diào)前者不比后者更……。如：
①She is not more beautiful than Mary. 她不比瑪麗漂亮。
②She was not more pleased than I was. 她沒(méi)有我那樣高興。
30. Detective Jones added that the police are now checking the scene for fingerprints and other clues.
約翰偵探說(shuō)警察正在核實(shí)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的指紋和其他線索。
★add用作動(dòng)詞，意為“補(bǔ)充說(shuō)”“接著說(shuō)”。如：
①“I quite agree.” he added. 他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)“我十分同意�！�
②“Don’t come back again.” he added. “別再回來(lái)了�！彼终f(shuō)。
③“Do bring your homework here tomorrow,” he added.
他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“明天務(wù)必把作業(yè)帶來(lái)。”
④He added that we would have an English exam tomorrow.
他接著說(shuō)我們明天要英語(yǔ)考試。
★add用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“加”“增加”“添加”。如：
①If you add 50 to 60, you will get 110. 50加60等于110。
②The fire is going out. Please add some wood. 火要熄滅了，請(qǐng)加點(diǎn)柴火。
③If the tea is too strong, add some more hot water. 如茶太濃，再加點(diǎn)開(kāi)水。
★add…to…意為“給……增加(添加)……”。如：
①Will you add more sugar to your coffee? 你的咖啡要多加些糖嗎？
②Please add my name to the list. 請(qǐng)?jiān)诿麊紊霞由衔业拿帧?/p>
③The teacher added a note to my composition. 老師給我的作文加了評(píng)語(yǔ)。
④He wanted to add his name to the letter. 他想在信上加簽他的名字。
★add to意為“增加”“增添”“增進(jìn)”。如：
①I believe that this visit will add to our understanding of your country.
我相信這次訪問(wèn)將增進(jìn)對(duì)貴國(guó)的了解。
②Her singing added to the enjoyment of the evening party.
她的演唱給晚會(huì)增添了不少樂(lè)趣。
③The news added to his anxiety. 這個(gè)消息增添了他的憂慮。
④This added to our difficulties. 這會(huì)增加我們的困難。
★add up(sth.)意為“加起來(lái)”“合計(jì)”。如：
①The waiter didn’t add up the bill correctly. 服務(wù)員把賬單加錯(cuò)了。
②If you add up all these figures, they will come to quite a big sum.
如果你把這些數(shù)字加在一起，將會(huì)得出一個(gè)非�？捎^的數(shù)目。
★add up to意為“總計(jì)達(dá)”“加起來(lái)總共”。如：
①The number of the students in our school adds up to two thousand and five hundred.
我們學(xué)校學(xué)生總計(jì)達(dá)兩千五百人。
②The bill should add up to about $40. 賬單總數(shù)約40美元。
③The figures add up to 365. 這些數(shù)字加起來(lái)總共是365。
31. check的用法
★check用作名詞，意為“核對(duì)”“支票”。如：
①They made a check on his calculation. 他們核對(duì)他的計(jì)算。
②They gave a document a quick check. 他們很快地審核了證件。
③His father gave him a check for fifty dollars. 他的父親給他一張五十元的支票。
④He was observed using a check for $1,500 as a bookmark.
有人見(jiàn)他把一張一千五佰美元的支票當(dāng)作書(shū)簽。
★check用作動(dòng)詞，意為“檢查”“核對(duì)”。如：
①She checked the door locks before she left. 她離開(kāi)之前檢查了一下門鎖。
②Check you work through for mistake before you hand it in.
把你的功課從頭看一遍，看看是否有錯(cuò)誤，然后交上來(lái)。
③Can you check that we’ve got everything that’s on the list?
單子上的東西是否都準(zhǔn)備好了，你去檢查一下好嗎？
32. “He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year,” said Detective Johes.
“去年他被指控非法闖入幾家電腦系統(tǒng)，”約翰偵探說(shuō)。
★charge…with意為“指控”“控訴”“告發(fā)”“(因某事)譴責(zé)(人)”。如：
①The police charged the man with stealing the money. 警察指控這個(gè)人偷了錢。
②He was charged with murder. 他被控犯謀殺罪。
③They charged that the police had beaten three students to death.
他們指控警察打死三名學(xué)生。
★charge…with意為“指示”“委以某人責(zé)任”。如：
①The teacher charged me with calling the names. 老師指派我點(diǎn)名。
②He charged me with the task. 他把那任務(wù)委派給我。
★charge用作動(dòng)詞，意為“收費(fèi)”，�？膳cfor連用。如：
①He charged me ten yuan for mending my watch. 他要我付10元修表費(fèi)。
②We charge $25 per night for a single room. 單人房間每晚收費(fèi)25美元。
③Do you charge for postage and packing? 你們要收打包費(fèi)和郵費(fèi)嗎？
★charge用作名詞，意為“價(jià)錢”“費(fèi)用”。如：
①The charge for cleaning the curtains was $ 10. 清理窗簾的收費(fèi)為10美元。
②What are the charges like in that hotel? 那個(gè)旅館的住宿收費(fèi)是多少？
③These books are free of charge. 這些書(shū)是免費(fèi)的。
★in charge of是一個(gè)習(xí)慣短語(yǔ)，意為“負(fù)責(zé)”“主管”。如：
①She is in charge of the baby. 這嬰兒由她負(fù)責(zé)照料。
②The school is in charge of Professor Li. 這學(xué)校由李教授負(fù)責(zé)。
③Miss Li is in charge of our class. 李老師是我們的班主任。
④I’d like to speak to the person in charge. 我想跟你們的負(fù)責(zé)人盡句話。
⑤Who is in charge of the office while Jack is away?
杰克不在的時(shí)候由誰(shuí)主管辦室？
33. So far, the only suspect is a short, thin man, who was seen running down Upper Street at 10 p.m last night.
到目前為止，唯一的嫌疑人是一個(gè)矮的、瘦小的人，有人看見(jiàn)他昨晚10點(diǎn)的時(shí)候沿著阿佩爾街跑。
★so far意為“到目前為止”，相當(dāng)于up to now,常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，有時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，可放在句首句尾。如：
①So far everything is all right. 到目前為止，一切都好。
②He said he would telephone but we haven’t heard from him so far.
他說(shuō)要打電話來(lái)，但我們到現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有關(guān)于他的音訊。
③So far, I have understood the lesson. 到現(xiàn)在為止，功課我會(huì)了。
④I can only help him so far. 我能幫他的僅止于此。
★so far as用作連詞，表示“就……限度”“到……程度”的意思。如：
①So far as I know, they are studying in the same school.
據(jù)我所知，他們?cè)谕粋�(gè)學(xué)校上學(xué)。
②So far as I know, people began to use balloons as a kind of flying machine in the 18th century.
就我所知，人們是在18世紀(jì)開(kāi)始把氣球作為一種飛行器的。
★as far as表示“遠(yuǎn)到……”的意思，既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句；當(dāng)用作連詞時(shí)，意為“就……限度”，與so far as同義。如：
①We took a walk as far as the river yesterday evening.
我們昨晚散步一直散到河邊。
②In the long jump, he can only jump as far as three metres.
在跳遠(yuǎn)中，他只能跳到三米。
③I can’t throw a javelin so far as / as far as he. 我擲標(biāo)槍不如他擲得遠(yuǎn)。
④As far as I know he has passed the exam. 就我所知，他已經(jīng)通過(guò)了考試。
34. A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt.
一個(gè)目擊者說(shuō)，他喘得厲害，并且T恤衫上有血。
★breathe用作動(dòng)詞，意為“呼吸”“喘氣”。如：
①We can’t breathe without air. 沒(méi)有空氣我們就不能呼吸。
②It’s good for the health to breathe deeply. 作深呼吸對(duì)身體有益。
③She was breathing heavily. 她氣喘吁吁。
★breath用作名詞，意為“呼吸”“一口氣”。如：
①He blew his breath against the mirror. 他把氣吹到鏡子上。
②He often takes a deep breath. 他經(jīng)常用一次深呼吸。
③Let’s go outside a moment for a breath of fresh air.
我們出去走一會(huì)，吸一口新鮮空氣吧。
④We ran so fast that we were out of breath. 我們跑得太快而喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。
35. However, the suspect had evidence to prove that he was at another place at the time of the crime and insisted that he was not guilty.
但是犯罪嫌疑人有案發(fā)時(shí)在另一場(chǎng)所的證據(jù)。并且堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他是清白的。
★prove用作動(dòng)詞，意為“證明”“證實(shí)”。如：
①Can you prove your theory to us? 你能向我們證明你的理論嗎？
②How did you prove that he was the robber? 你如何證明他就是那名強(qiáng)盜？
③I am unable to prove the truth of what he said. 我不能證實(shí)他所說(shuō)的話。
④She proved herself to be an able secretary. 她表現(xiàn)出自己是一位能干的秘書(shū)。
★prove可用連系動(dòng)詞用，接to be時(shí)，常省去to be而直接跟形容詞或名詞。如：
①It proved (to be) a terrible mistake. 這被證實(shí)是個(gè)嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。
②What he said proved (to be) right. 他所說(shuō)的證實(shí)是對(duì)的。
③This book proved (to be) interesting. 這本書(shū)很有趣。
④The plan proved (to be) a success. 這計(jì)劃結(jié)果成功了。
36. insist的用法
關(guān)于insist的用法詳見(jiàn)Unit 5
37. reward的用法
★reward用作名詞，意為“報(bào)酬”“獎(jiǎng)賞”“酬謝”“報(bào)答”“獎(jiǎng)金”。如：
①He worked hard without any hope of reward. 他努力工作卻不期待報(bào)酬。
②He was given a medal as a reward for his good service.
他因?yàn)榱己玫姆⻊?wù)而獲得一枚獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?/p>
③They offered a reward of $2000 for information about their missing son.
他們懸賞2000美元，找尋失蹤的兒子。
④She got nothing as a reward for her kindness. 她的好心沒(méi)有得到一點(diǎn)報(bào)答。
⑤As a reward for passing his exams, he got a new bike from his parents.
作為對(duì)他考試及格的獎(jiǎng)賞，他父母給他買了輛新的自行車。
⑥The police are offering a big reward for information about the murder.
警察為獲得這一兇殺案的線索而重金懸賞。
★reward用作動(dòng)詞，意為“報(bào)答”“酬謝”“獎(jiǎng)賞”。如：
①I will reward you later. 我以后再答謝你。
②How can I reward your kindness? 我如何才能報(bào)答你的好意呢？
③He rewarded the boy for bringing back the lost dog.
他獎(jiǎng)賞了那個(gè)男孩，因?yàn)樗一亓俗呤У墓贰?/p>
④His parents bought a bike to reward him for passing the exams.
他的父母買了一輛自行車給他，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他考試及格。
38. The police investigation
警察調(diào)查
★investigation用作名詞，意為“調(diào)查”“搜查”“研究”。如：
①The police have finished their investigations into the crime.
警方已經(jīng)完成了對(duì)這件罪行的調(diào)查。
②The matter is still under investigation. 這事件仍在調(diào)查之中。
③The police are making (carrying out) investigation into this accident.
警方正在對(duì)這起交通事故進(jìn)行調(diào)查。
④They made investigation into the cause of the fire. 他們對(duì)失火原因進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。
★investigate用作動(dòng)詞，意為“調(diào)查”“研究”，相當(dāng)于look into。如：
①The police began to investigate the murder. 警方開(kāi)始調(diào)查這起謀殺案。
②Who is going to investigate the cause of accident? 誰(shuí)去調(diào)查這起事故的原因？
③A murder was reported and the police were sent to investigate.
兇殺案發(fā)生后，警察被派去調(diào)查。
【注】investigator用作名詞，意為“調(diào)查者”。
39. Commonly confused verbs常見(jiàn)易混淆動(dòng)詞
★commonly用作副詞，意為“通常地”“普遍地”“一般地”。如：
①He is commonly known as “Joe”. 人們通常叫他“喬”。
②Women commonly live longer than men. 女性通常比男性長(zhǎng)壽。
★common用作形容詞，意為“普通的”“常見(jiàn)的”“平凡的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“普通”，并含有不高貴，地位低下之意味，其反義詞為rare，有比較級(jí)的變化。如：
①He wasn’t a hero but just a common man. 他不是英雄而是一個(gè)普通人。
②This sort of weather is quite common. 這種天氣非常常見(jiàn)。
③A dog is one of the commonest pets. 狗是最常見(jiàn)的寵物之一。
④This flower is common is spring. 這種花在春天很常見(jiàn)。
⑤It’s a common mistake. 這是常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。
⑥Pine trees are common in many parts of the world. 松樹(shù)在世界上許多地方都很常見(jiàn)。
★common作形容詞用，還要表示“共有的”“共同的”的意思，沒(méi)有比較級(jí)變化。如：
①Parks in town are common property. 城市中的公園是公共財(cái)產(chǎn)。
②A great interest in music was common to them.
他們對(duì)音樂(lè)都有著共同的強(qiáng)烈興趣。
③English is often used as the common language at the international meetings.
在國(guó)際會(huì)議上，常把英語(yǔ)作為共同語(yǔ)言使用。
④Britain and American share a common language. 英語(yǔ)和美國(guó)使用同一種語(yǔ)言。
★in common意思為“和……有共同之處”，常用have…in common這一結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
①They are brothers, but they have nothing in common.
他們是兄弟，但彼此之間毫無(wú)共同之處。
②The twins have a lot in common. 這兩個(gè)雙胞胎有許多共同之處。
③What we have in common is the habit of early rising.
我們所共有的一點(diǎn)就是有早起的習(xí)慣。
【注】in common with引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，意為“和……一樣”，在句中用狀語(yǔ)。如：
④In common with most educated people, he prefers classical music to jazz.
如同大多數(shù)受過(guò)教育的人，他也喜歡古典音樂(lè)而不喜歡爵士音樂(lè)。
⑤In common with many other boys, he liked baseball.
他和很多其他的男孩一樣喜歡棒球。
★ordinary用作形容詞，意為“通常的，普通的”，指由于與一般事物或人的性質(zhì)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)都相同，毫無(wú)奇特之處，因而顯得“平常”“平淡無(wú)奇”。如：
①Although she was rich, she was always in ordinary clothes.
盡管她很富有，但她總是穿著平常的衣服。
②He is an ordinary worker. 他是普通工人。
③He is an ordinary looking person. 他是一個(gè)相貌平常的人。
④They live in an ordinary house. 他們住在一所普通的房子里。
★usual用作形容詞，意為“通常的。平常的，慣例的”，表示按慣例，通常如此，即習(xí)慣性。如：
①She arrived later than usual. 她比平時(shí)晚來(lái)一些。
②As is usual with children, they soon got tired. 孩子們一貫如此，他們很快就厭倦了。
③You made the usual mistakes which all beginners make.
你犯的就是那些初學(xué)者老犯的錯(cuò)誤。
④It is usual for him to sit up late at night. 他對(duì)熬夜已習(xí)以為常。
★general用作形容詞，側(cè)重“普遍的、大體的、概括的”之意，表示在大多數(shù)人或物中流行并受到關(guān)注。如：
①I have got the general idea of what he said just now.
我已明白了他剛才所說(shuō)的大體意思。
②It is a matter of general interest. 這是一件引起大眾興趣的事。
40. confuse的用法
★confuse用作動(dòng)詞，意為“把人弄糊涂”“使迷惑”“混淆”。如：
①The difficult question confused me. 這人難題使困惑。
②People were confused by a lot of information. 人們被大量的信息弄糊涂了。
③They confused me by asking so many question.
他們提了這么多問(wèn)題，把我都弄糊涂了。
④I often confuse Lee with his brother. They look very much alike.
我常把李和他弟弟弄混淆了，他們十分相似。
★confused用作形容詞，意為“糊涂的”“迷惑的”“不清楚的”“難懂的”。如：
①The old lady easily got confused. 這個(gè)老太太容易糊涂。
②I thought I knew what to do, but now I’m confused.
我原以為我知道我該做什么，可是現(xiàn)在我被搞糊涂了。
【注】confusion為名詞，意為“迷惑”“混淆”“混亂”。
41. ‘Hear’ means to be aware of sounds.
‘Hear’的意思是聽(tīng)到的結(jié)果。
★aware用作形容詞，意為“知道的”“意識(shí)到的”“覺(jué)察到的”，可與of連用。如：
①He wasn’t aware of the danger. 他沒(méi)有意識(shí)到有危險(xiǎn)。
②I am aware of the difficulties you face. 我知道你面對(duì)的困難。
③I suddenly felt aware of somebody watching me. 我突然感到有人在注視我。
④I am aware that you will face difficulties. 我知道你將要面對(duì)困境。
42. When you look at something, you concentrate and pay attention on that thing.
當(dāng)你看見(jiàn)某事物后，你會(huì)引起注意。
★concentrate用作動(dòng)詞，意為“集中(思想、注意力等)”“專心于”，常與on連用。如：
①I can’t concentrate on anything when I am hungry. 我餓了就無(wú)法集中精力。
②He concentrated on finding somewhere to live. 他集中精力找住處。
③Be quiet. I’m trying to concentrate. 安靜點(diǎn)，我在試圖集中精力。
④I must concentrate on my new task. 我必須專注于我的新工作。
【注】concentration用作名詞。
43. You watch something that is changing, moving or developing.
你觀看事物的變化，移動(dòng)或發(fā)展。
★develop用作動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)展”“開(kāi)發(fā)”“養(yǎng)成”“發(fā)育”“使……產(chǎn)生”。如：
①I believe that sports can develop mind and body. 我想運(yùn)動(dòng)有益身心發(fā)展。
②The city has developed into the center of industry. 這個(gè)城市已發(fā)展為工業(yè)中心。
③He developed an interest in collecting stamps. 他培養(yǎng)了對(duì)集郵的興趣。
④She has developed the good habit of making notes while reading.
她養(yǎng)成了讀書(shū)時(shí)記筆記的習(xí)慣。
⑤We must develop new sources of energy/markets of medicine.
我們必須開(kāi)發(fā)新能源/藥品市場(chǎng)。
⑥But later, people developed a way of printing. 不過(guò)后來(lái)人們開(kāi)發(fā)了一種印刷術(shù)。
★develop可用來(lái)表示“顯(影)”“沖洗(膠片)”解。如：
①Photographers return and the photos are quickly developed.
攝影記者回來(lái)了，照片很快洗印出來(lái)。
②I think these photos will look nice when they are developed.
我想這些照片洗出來(lái)以后將會(huì)很好看。
【注】developed countries意思是“發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家”，undeveloped countries意思是“不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家”，developing counties意思是“發(fā)展中國(guó)家”。
44. no criminal record沒(méi)有犯罪記錄
★record用作名詞，還要表示“記錄”“成績(jī)”。如：
①A doctor keeps a record of his patients’ illness. 凡是醫(yī)生都記錄病人的病情。
②He makes (keeps) a record of his everyday expenses. 他把自己每天的開(kāi)支都記了下來(lái)。
③Do you know who set up the world record for the high jump?
你知道誰(shuí)創(chuàng)下了跳高的世界記錄？
④He broke the world record for the long jump? 他破了跳遠(yuǎn)的世界記錄。
★record用作名詞，其讀音為/′rek〕 : d/，意為“唱片”。如：
①He made his first record for his mother’s birthday when he was 17.
17歲時(shí)，他為他母親生日灌了第一張唱片。
②Turn off the TV set and let’s put on (play) some records.
把電視機(jī)關(guān)了，讓我們放些唱片聽(tīng)聽(tīng)。
③Have you heard my new record? 你聽(tīng)過(guò)我的新唱片了嗎？
★record用作動(dòng)詞，意為“記錄”“錄音”。再如：
①The next year another song was recorded. 第二年又錄制了另一首歌。
②I have recorded his lecture. 我已將他的講演記錄下來(lái)了。
③When he died is not recorded. 他何時(shí)過(guò)世并沒(méi)有記載下來(lái)。
④I recorded the concert so that I can hear it tomorrow.
我把音樂(lè)會(huì)錄音下來(lái)，以便明天好聽(tīng)。
45. worth一詞的用法
★worth用作形容詞，意為“價(jià)值”“值得”，可以作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)，后接表示時(shí)間、金錢、精力等意義的名詞。如：
①Each question is worth one point. 每個(gè)問(wèn)題得一分。
②My car is worth $3000. 我的汽車值3000美元。
③But I don’t think my car is worth anything. 但我卻認(rèn)為我的車一文不值。
④I didn’t accept a bike worth 300 yuan as my birthday present.
我沒(méi)有接受一輛價(jià)值300元的自行車作為生日禮物。
★be worth doing表示“……值得做”，這里doing為主動(dòng)形式，但有被動(dòng)的含義。如：
①The film is worth seeing again. 這部電影值得再看一次。
②What is worth doing is worth doing well. 值得做的事就值得做好。
③This book is well worth reading. 這本書(shū)很值得一看。
④This museum is well worth visiting. 這個(gè)博物館很值得參觀。
同步測(cè)試
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1. An old friend of my sister’s always helps my brother and with English.
A. I; our B. me; ourselves C. I; my D. me; our
2. “Which would you like to drink, coffee or orange juice?”
“ . Please give a cup of tea.”
A. Neither B. Both C. All D. None
3. The little boy ate a big meal he said he wasn’t hungry.
A. if B. though C. because D. as
4. How did the accident happen?
You know, it difficult to see the road clearly because it .
A. was; was raining B. is; has rained
C. is; is raining D. will be; will rain
5. The window was broken. Try to who has broken it.
A. find B. look C. find out D. look for
6. “I forgot to bring my notebook.” “ . You can borrow some paper from me.”
A. Help yourself B. I’m sorry C. No problem D. So careless
7. “I want to know if your son will go to Ann’s party.” “If your son does, so .”
A. is he B. will mine C. does he D. does mine
8. Did you enter for high hump or 400-metre race?
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the
9. Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It be very expensive.
A. must B. can C. mustn’t D. can’t
10. We are told everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our school clean and tidy.
A. not to make much noise B. not to throw waste paper
C. to draw D. not to spit
11. “How about going hiking this weekend?” “Sorry. I prefer rather than .”
A. to stay at home; go out B. to go out; stay at home
C. staying at home; go out D. going out; stay at home
12. More and more foreigners want to their companies in Dalian.
A. clean up B. look up C. pick up D. open up
13. I wonder you would like to come to my birthday party.
A. that B. whether C. that if D. that whether
14. “I’ve forgotten to bring my bread.” “Never mind, you can have .”
A. some of us B. us some C. some of ours D. some of you
15. We must try our best to stop to pollution a happier life.
A. from living B. to live C. living D. live
16. The following are all traffic signs except .
17. Liu Xiang won the men’s hurdles at the Athens Olympics is the first person in Asia.
A. who; 110-metre B. that; 110-metres
C. /; 110 metres D. /; 110 metre’s
18. useful the information he gave us is!
A. What an B. How an C. What D. How
19. of the teachers in our school is 130; of them are young.
A. a number; two thirds B. the number; most
C. the number; three fourth D. a number; some
20. In the exam, the you are, mistake you’ll make.
A. more careful; the fewer B. more careful; the more
C. more careful; the more D. more carelessly; the fewer
21. “Who told you about Dad’s illness?” “The doctor in .”
A. connection B. turn C. public D. charge
22. My dictionary . I have looked for it everywhere but still it.
A. has lost; don’t find B. is missing; don’t find
C. has lost; haven’t found D. is missing; haven’t found
23. Everything has wrong.
A. go B. come C. gone D. become
24. Great change have in my hometown these years.
A. happened B. taken place C. broke out D. happened to
25. The soldiers the enemy’s attack.
A. put up B. put down C. put off D. put up with
26. Usually carelessness to failure.
A. leads B. happens C. gets D. agrees
27. Trees of this kind are so that they can be seen everywhere.
A. much B. common C. usual D. normal
28. He to lead us the way, which surprised us.
A. supplied B. offered C. provided D. asked
29. When I returned to the classroom, I found my watch .
A. going B. losing C. missing D. missed
30. Mr. Smith us some good on the study of physics.
A. gave; advice B. gave; advices C. made; advice D. made; advices
二、用括號(hào)中所給詞的正確形式填空。
1. He is just five feet in (high).
2. My brother likes reading (detect) stories.
3. It is reported that one of the (murder) has been arrested.
4. Her sudden (die) surprised her friends.
5. (obvious), he is telling a lie.
6. The bank was (rob) last night.
7. I am sure that the film is worth (see).
8. The thief was seeing (break) into the house through the window.
9. His father used to smoke very (heavy).
10. Of all the boys, he is the (bright).
三、用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。
check, come, confirm, charge, bleed, hear, prove, attack, see, find out, offer
1. It’s said that the police the clues of the crime.
2. They have that the young man was the murderer who the doctor with a knife.
3. The woman that he was at the place where the crime took place.
4. Jack with breaking into Mr Brown’s and stealing much money.
5. The little boy to climb into the room through the window.
6. “ he from his friend?” “Not yet.”
7. Without getting any help, the little boy to death as a result.
8. Can you the answers to the question from the passage?
9. He me the used car for only 100 dollars.
10. I wonder whether he or not.
四、完形填空
Man has a big brain. He can think, learn and speak. Scientists once thought that men are different from animals 1 they can think and learn. They know now that dogs, monkeys, and birds can learn too. They are beginning to understand that men noises when they are afraid, or angry or unhappy. Apes(類人猿) can understand something 2 than human, one or two of them have learnt 3 words. But they can’t join words to make sentences. They can’t think 4 us because they have 5 language. Language is a wonderful thing. Man has 6 build a modern world because he has language. 7 child can speak his own language very well he is four or five, 8 no animal learns to speak. 9 do children learn it? Scientists do not really know. 10 happens inside our body when we speak? They do not know. They only know that man can speak because he was a brain.
( )1. A. after B. if C. before D. because
( )2. A. quickly B. quicklier C. more quickly D. quicker
( )3. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
( )4. A. as B. about C. like D. over
( )5. A. not B. a C. no D. some
( )6. A. to able to B. be able to C. able to D. been able to
( )7. A. Each B. Every C. One D. All
( )8. A. or B. so C. and D. but
( )9. A. How B. What C. Why D. Which
( )10. A. Where B. When C. What D. How
答案與提示
一、1. D help sb. with sth. 的用法
2. D neither指三者中一個(gè)都不是。neither指?jìng)z者中一個(gè)也不；both指?jìng)z個(gè)都；a;;指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上都
3. B 此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折。
4. A 事故發(fā)生時(shí)天正在下雨，所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
5. C 表示努力查找。
6. C 日常用語(yǔ)。
7. B 倒裝句。If引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
8. D 冠詞用法。
9. A must表示推測(cè)，意思為“一定，準(zhǔn)是”，可能性很大。can表示可能小。mustn’t表示“不允許，禁止”。can’t表示“不可能”或“可能”。
10. B tell sb. not to do sth. 的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。
11. A 固定詞組的用法。
12. D 建立，開(kāi)放
13. B whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。
14. C 雙重名詞所有格，表示我們的面包中的一些。
15. B 此處不能理解成固定詞組stop sb. from doing sth.的用法。應(yīng)理解成用不定式表示目的。
16. B 這個(gè)標(biāo)志表示“朝上放置”的意思。
17. A 劉翔是亞洲第一人。who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾Liu Xiang。
18. D the information he give us是主語(yǔ)。
19. B the number表示數(shù)量。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。most指代老師。
20. C 從邏輯上理解。越不小心，錯(cuò)的越多。
21. D charge用作名詞，作“管理；負(fù)責(zé)；責(zé)任”講。in charge“負(fù)責(zé)”，in connection“取得聯(lián)系”，in turn“輪流”，in public“當(dāng)眾”。
22. D find通過(guò)搜索、體驗(yàn)、努力“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)某人或某物”。
23. C go作連系動(dòng)詞，意為“變成；變得（表示主語(yǔ)由一種狀態(tài)變成另一種狀態(tài)，通常表示不好的變化）�！蓖糜谝韵露陶Z(yǔ)：go bad, go hungry, go mad, go wrong, go straight等等。
24. B take place不及物動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示必然性的“發(fā)生”或指布置、策劃好的某事而后舉行。
25. A put up sth.是固定短語(yǔ)，意思是“(在戰(zhàn)斗、比賽等中)進(jìn)行(抵抗、斗爭(zhēng)等)”。
26. A lead to“導(dǎo)致”的意思。
27. B 該題考查詞義辨析。本句意思是“這種樹(shù)如此常見(jiàn)以致于到處都能見(jiàn)到�！眛ree是可數(shù)名詞不能由much修飾，故排除A，common指“常見(jiàn)的”，usual常指“習(xí)慣的”，normal表示“正常的，平常的”，故選B。
28. B offer to do是“主動(dòng)做某事”的意思，其他動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有這樣的搭配。
29. C 表示“丟失”，要用missing或lost，而不能用missed或losing。
30. A advice表示“建議”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式；表示“提建議”要用動(dòng)詞give而不用make。
二、1. height 2. detective 3. murderers 4. death 5. Obviously
6. robbed 7. seeing 8. breaking 9. heavily 10. brightest
三、1. are checking 2. confirmed, had attacked 3. proved
4. was charged 5. was seen 6. Has; heard 7. bled
8. find out 9. offered 10. will come
四、1. D 表示原因。
2. C 比較。
3. B 從后文理解，應(yīng)當(dāng)是猿人知道一些單詞。
4. C 不能像人類一樣思考。
5. C 因?yàn)樵橙藳](méi)有語(yǔ)言。
6. D be able to有各種時(shí)態(tài)，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
7. C 指小孩這一類人。
8. D 表示轉(zhuǎn)折。小孩能學(xué)說(shuō)話，但是動(dòng)物卻不能。
9. A 此處表示一種方式，怎樣學(xué)說(shuō)話。
10. C happen的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是sth.。