本書與外研社高中英語教材同步，重點(diǎn)對(duì)教材中的新課標(biāo)詞匯進(jìn)行講解和練習(xí)。每本書分為重點(diǎn)詞語解釋和重點(diǎn)詞語精練兩部分，詞語精練由單項(xiàng)選擇、選詞填空和完成句子三部分組成。本書的目的在于幫助學(xué)生解決在學(xué)習(xí)教材中的詞匯困難，重點(diǎn)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運(yùn)用詞匯的能力。選詞范圍不超過新課標(biāo)高中英語八級(jí)詞匯。 編者： 山東棗莊十六中 王振明 E-mail wzm5607@126.com
電話: 13863203596
SBⅠ Module 1
My First Day at Senior High
重點(diǎn)詞語講解
1. enthusiastic adj. 熱情的
He is enthusiastic about helping others. 他熱心助人。
He doesn't know much about the subject, but he's very enthusiastic.
他對(duì)這事所知不多, 但卻極感興趣。
His idea received an enthusiastic response.他的想法獲得熱烈的響應(yīng)。
2. amaze vt. 使驚異; 使驚奇; 使吃驚
amazed adj. 感到驚訝的 amazing adj. 令人驚異的
Her knowledge amazes me. 她的學(xué)識(shí)令我吃驚。
It amazed me to learn that he had been promoted.得知他已晉升使我驚奇。
We were amazed that he refused to help us.他拒絕幫助我們,我們感到驚訝。
His amazing intelligence led him to make many discoveries.
他驚人的智力使他有很多發(fā)現(xiàn)。
3. instruction n.指示；命令；[pl.]用法說明；操作指南；（輸入計(jì)算機(jī)的）指令
The doctor's instructions must be fulfilled exactly.醫(yī)生的指示必須嚴(yán)格遵行。
The teacher gave them instructions to arrive early tomorrow morning.
老師命令他們明天早晨要早到。
Be sure to follow your teacher’s instructions while doing an experiment.
做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)務(wù)必按照老師的話去做。
Before you take the medicine, you should read the instructions on the bottle carefully.
在服藥之前，你應(yīng)當(dāng)仔細(xì)看藥瓶上的用法說明。
4. method n.方法; 辦法; 條理; 秩序
【注意】 method指科學(xué)的、合乎邏輯的有效方法，側(cè)重指較高層次的有系統(tǒng)的方法,其后可接of短語,不接不定式。
Our teacher is showing us a new method of writing.老師告訴我們一種書寫的新方法。
If you want to solve the problem, you must use method, rather than luck.
要是你想解決問題，就要講究方法，不要憑運(yùn)氣。
If you had used more method, you wouldn't have wasted so much time.
要是你安排得更有條理些,就不會(huì)浪費(fèi)那么多時(shí)間了。
5. bore vt. 煩擾，使厭煩 bored adj. 厭煩的 boring adj.令人厭煩的
The long speech bored us all. 那冗長的演講使我們都感到厭煩。
He always bores her with the same story.
他總是重復(fù)同樣的故事, 使她覺得厭煩。
I’m bored by history dates, battles and the like.
我讓歷史書上的日期、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之類的事給煩透了。
It is boring to listen to the same story. 聽相同的故事是令人厭煩的。
His long boring story made me yawn. 他的冗長的故事聽得我直打呵欠。
6. embarrass vt. 使窘迫; 使局促不安; 使尷尬; 使感到拮據(jù)
embarrassed adj. 感到為難的 embarrassing adj.令人困窘的; 令人為難的
She was embarrassed when they kept telling her how clever she was.
他們不停地說她聰明,令她感到不好意思。
A large family embarrassed him.他子女多, 這使他經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)。
I was embarrassed, because I had no idea.我因?yàn)闆]有主意而不知如何是好。
I don't like making speeches in public; it's so embarrassing.
我不喜歡在公開場(chǎng)合演說，太難為情了。
7. attitude n.姿勢(shì); 態(tài)度; 看法; 姿勢(shì)
take a correct attitude towards… 對(duì)…抱正確態(tài)度
What I was surprised at was his attitude towards his study.
我所吃驚的是他對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度。
From different stands there follow different attitudes.不同的立場(chǎng)就有不同的態(tài)度。
As you get older, your attitude towards death changes.
人隨著年齡的增長，對(duì)死亡的看法也會(huì)有所改變。
They sat around in easy attitude. 他們以舒適的姿勢(shì)圍坐在一起。
8. behaviour n. [U] 行為; 舉止;表現(xiàn)
An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour.
不愉快的家庭環(huán)境能影響兒童的行為.
Such behaviour lost him our trust.他這種行為使得我們不再信任他了。
Someday you will answer for your foolish behaviour.
總有一天你將因你的愚蠢行為而受到懲罰。
behave vi. 行為; 舉止; 待人; 表現(xiàn); 舉止端正; 守規(guī)矩
The boy behaved as if he were an adult.這個(gè)男孩表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)大人。
Behave yourself; don't make a fool of yourself. 注意你的舉止, 別鬧出笑話來。
It's hard to train children to behave well at the table.
培養(yǎng)兒童用餐時(shí)舉止得體是很困難的。
You must promise to behave at the party before I can consider taking you along.
你必須承諾在晚會(huì)上規(guī)規(guī)矩矩,我才考慮帶你們?nèi)ァ?
9. *previous adj.先的; 前的; 以前的
His previous attempt was successful.他以前的嘗試成功了。
In previous times, I didn’t realize how valuable his advice was.
早先時(shí)候，我沒有意識(shí)到他的意見是多么寶貴。
The previous train was delayed by the bad weather. 前一輛火車因?yàn)閻毫犹鞖庋诱`了。
10. description n. 描寫; 描述; 記述
beyond / past description 難以形容
answer ( to ) the description 與描述相符
The beauty of the sunrise is beyond description. 日出的美景難以描述。
This girl gave a vivid description of the event.
那女孩對(duì)這件事作了一番生動(dòng)的描述。
11. *impress vt. 使印象深刻; 使銘記; 使感動(dòng); 使留下印象
She impressed me as a woman of great kindness.在我印象中,她是一位非常仁慈的女性。
What impressed me most was that they never lost heart.
給我印象最深的是他們絕不喪失信心。
He tried to impress everything he had explained upon us.
他試圖要我們把他所解釋的內(nèi)容都記住。
impress sb. with sth. (=impress sth. on sb. 或 impress sb. sth.)使某人銘記/牢記某事
My father impressed me with the importance of work.父親要我銘記工作的重要性。
They impressed on their children the virtue of always telling the truth.
他們要孩子們明白講實(shí)話的美德。
be impressed by / at / with 被…所感動(dòng); 使(某人)印象深刻
【注意】不用進(jìn)行時(shí)
All present were impressed with / by his noble need.
所有在場(chǎng)的人都被他的崇高行為感動(dòng)。
Walking around the city, we were impressed by the city's new look.
在城里走時(shí)，城市的新容給我們留下深刻印象。
be impressed on one's mind / memory 被印在腦海里; 留下很深的印象
What he said that day was deeply impressed on my memory.
他那天說的話深深地印在我的腦海里。
His words are strongly impressed on my memory.他的話使我深深銘記在心里。
12. encouragement n.鼓勵(lì); 支持; 鼓勵(lì)；贊同
Praise acts as an encouragement to the young.稱贊對(duì)于青年來說是一種鼓勵(lì)。
Your encouragement made me more confident of my future.
你的鼓勵(lì)使我對(duì)我的未來更加有信心。
You will never know how much your encouragement meant to me.
你決不會(huì)知道你的鼓勵(lì)對(duì)我多么有意義。
13. *disappoint vt. 使失望; 使沮喪; 使掃興; 破壞(計(jì)劃)，使(希望)落空
I'm sorry to disappoint you, but I can't come after all.
讓你失望，真抱歉，可是我實(shí)在不能來。
The experiment disappointed their hopes. 那一次實(shí)驗(yàn)使他們的希望落空了。
disappointing adj. 令人失望的，灰心的，掃興的
disappointed adj. (指人)失望的，掃興的
Your examination marks are rather disappointing. 你的成績真叫人失望。
He was disappointed to find that his suggestions had been turned down.
發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的建議被拒絕了，他很失望。
He was not so disappointed because he had foreseen those difficulties.
他并不是很失望，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)預(yù)見到了那種困難。
14. cover vt. 覆蓋; 遮蓋; 占有(面積); 采訪(新聞); 包括; 包含; 論及; 走過; 支付(開支等); 彌補(bǔ)(損失等)
Please cover the table with a tablecloth.請(qǐng)把桌布蓋在桌子上。
Water covers nearly third quarters of the earth's surface.
水大約覆蓋了地球表面的四分之三。
He used to be sent to cover the battles during the war. 他曾經(jīng)被派去做戰(zhàn)地采訪。
Do the rules cover all possible cases? 這些規(guī)則是否通用于所有可能的情形？
The discussion covered a wide range of subjects. 這次討論涉及內(nèi)容廣泛。
The Red Army covered 25 000 Li on the Long March．紅軍長征時(shí)走了兩萬五千里。
How many pages have you covered? 你已讀了多少頁書?
Will 150 dollars cover the cost of a new bike? 一百元夠不夠買輛新自行車?
Fifty dollars will cover my need for the journey. 有五十元就夠付這次的旅費(fèi)了。
15. divide vt. 分; 劃分; 分配; 分享; 分擔(dān); 隔開
divide the profit分配利潤
His time is divided between work and play.他把時(shí)間分別用在工作和娛樂上。
Mother divided the food into four equal shares.母親把食物分成相同的四份。
A low wall divides our garden from our neighbour's garden.
一堵矮墻把我家的花園和鄰居的花園隔開來。
The Red Sea divides Africa from Asia.紅海把非洲和亞洲隔開。
divided adj.被分割的; 分開的; 對(duì)立的, 意見分歧的
a divided country分裂的國家
Public opinions are divided on this question.對(duì)于這問題,公眾輿論不一致。
【辨析】divide和 separate
都含“分開”的意思。divide 指施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整體分成若干部分,如: divide the candies among the children給孩子們把糖塊分開。Our class is divided into four groups.我們班被分成四組。The shop assistants divided the apples into different classes.店員把蘋果按級(jí)分類。 separate指把原來在一起的人或物分開, 或把混雜在一起的東西分開, 有時(shí)含有強(qiáng)行分隔的意味, 也可指“離別”，如果指由于某種自然障礙而造成的阻隔, 其后常與from連用, 可與divide通用。Separate those two boys who are fighting, will you? (你)把那兩個(gè)打架的孩子拉開,好嗎? The Taiwan Straits separates / divides Taiwan from Fujian.臺(tái)灣海峽把臺(tái)灣和福建分隔開了。
注意：被divide分開的東西在一定的條件下具有統(tǒng)一性，被separate分開的東西沒有統(tǒng)一性。
16. similar adj.相像的; 相似的; 近似的
be similar to… 與…相似 be similar in在…相似
The products of these two factories are similar. 這兩家工廠的產(chǎn)品很相似。
Your views on education are similar to mine.你的教育觀點(diǎn)和我的類似。
This city appears similar to mine, but I’m not familiar with it at all.
那座城市和我的城市很相似，但我對(duì)它一點(diǎn)也不熟悉。
My wife and I have similar tastes in music.我妻子與我有相似的音樂愛好。
【辨析】similar，like與alike
similar指有明顯的共同性質(zhì), 但不完全一致或同一。like指事物在外貌、性質(zhì)或特征上非常相似以致區(qū)別不開，但并非同一。alike意義同like，但只能作表語。
A similar mistake occurs at the end of the paragraph. 這一段末尾有一個(gè)類似的錯(cuò)誤。Like thinking produces like ideas. 相似的思維產(chǎn)生相似的主張。He and his brother are very alike. 他們兄弟倆太相似了。
17. in other words 換句話說; 也就是說
The woman has stopped crying，in other words，she calmed down.
婦女停止了哭泣,也就是說,她平靜下來了。
You failed the exam this time．In other words, you didn't pass the exam this time.
你這次沒有通過考試。換句話說，你這次考試沒及格。
To help students develop the social skills, schools offer a large number of after-school activities, in other words, activities that take place outside classroom lessons.為幫助學(xué)生發(fā)展社交技能，學(xué)校安排大量的課外活動(dòng)，即在教室里上完課后進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)。
18. look forward to sth. / doing sth. 期待某事物/ 做某事
I am looking forward to seeing you again. 我盼望再見到你。
Mary is looking forward to a birthday gift. 瑪麗期待著一份生日禮物。
Xiao Ming looked forward to visiting the moon by spaceship day and night.
小明日夜盼望著能夠乘坐宇宙飛船到月球上去參觀。
19. far from 離…很遠(yuǎn); 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不
The sun is far (away) from the earth. 太陽離地球很遠(yuǎn)。
Your home is not far from here。So you needn’t have left in such a hurry then．
你家離這兒不遠(yuǎn)， 因此你當(dāng)時(shí)沒必要匆匆忙忙的。
Looking back on it, one realizes that it was far from being a satisfactory conference.
回顧過去，人們會(huì)意識(shí)到那不是一次成功的會(huì)議。
Your work is far from (being) satisfactory. 你的工作遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意。
20. nothing like 一點(diǎn)也不象; 沒有什么能比得上
Her cooking is nothing like as good as yours. 她做飯的手藝絕比不上你。
The town offers entertainments of a kind, but nothing like what you'll find in the city.
鎮(zhèn)上有些所謂的娛樂, 但與城里的截然不同。
21. take part in 參加(某一活動(dòng)并發(fā)揮作用)
He makes it a rule to take part in some physical labor though he is old.
雖然年齡已大，他仍習(xí)慣于參加一些體力勞動(dòng)。
Every summer vacation I'll take part in social practice.每年暑假我都參加社會(huì)實(shí)踐。
【辨析】take part in, attend和join(in)
take part in指參加會(huì)議或群眾性活動(dòng)等，重在說明句子主語參加該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮作用；part前有修飾語時(shí)，要用不定冠詞a／an。 Lincoln took an active part in politics and was strongly against slavery. 林肯積極參加政治活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)奴隸制。The leading group decided to tell all the workers to take part in the strike. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組決定通知所有的工人參加罷工。
attend主要指出席，參加某一活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)出席者只是在其中“聽”或“看”等，不起積極作用，主要指參加會(huì)議；上課(學(xué))；參加典禮(葬禮)；聽演講等。They went to their school to attend a get-together. 他們?nèi)W(xué)校參加聯(lián)歡會(huì)去了。
join可指參加某一團(tuán)體或組織，成為其中一員，也指參加某項(xiàng)正在進(jìn)行著的活動(dòng)，但不如join in常用。Do you know how many people joined the organization? 你知道有多少人參加了那個(gè)組織嗎? Will you join us? 你參加我們的活動(dòng)，好嗎?
join in多指參加比賽或活動(dòng)，參加競(jìng)賽、娛樂、游戲、談話等某項(xiàng)具體活動(dòng)，常用于口語。有時(shí)join in后不跟賓語。 I first just watched the game，then was invited to join in. 我起初只是看比賽，后來被邀請(qǐng)參加。
join (sb.) in join…in中的join為及物動(dòng)詞，須接人稱代詞賓語。in后接表示某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的名詞或動(dòng)名詞，意為“和……一起”。 Will you join us in playing basketball now? 現(xiàn)在和我們一起打籃球好嗎? They watched the game，and then they were invited to join in it. 他們先是觀看比賽，后來又被邀請(qǐng)參加。
活學(xué)活用：
（1）He _____ yesterday’s lecture and found it interesting.
（2）The teacher _____ us in the experiment.
（3）Thousands of workers _____ the strike.
（4）Did you _____ the meeting last week?
Answers:（1）attended （2）joined（3）took part in（4）attend
22. 倍數(shù)表達(dá)法
1) 倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞原級(jí) + as … (是…的…倍)
倍數(shù) + as + many + 可數(shù)名詞 + as … (是…的…倍)
倍數(shù) + as + much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + as … (是…的…倍)
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。/ 亞洲比歐洲大三倍。
This box is three times as heavy as that one.
這個(gè)箱子是那個(gè)箱子的三倍重。/ 這個(gè)箱子比那個(gè)箱子重兩倍。
They have twice as many students as our school.他們學(xué)生的數(shù)量是我們學(xué)校的兩倍。
They need four times as much water as they had.
他們需要水的數(shù)量是他們所有數(shù)量的四倍
2) 倍數(shù) + 比較級(jí) + than… (比…倍)
The meeting-room is three times bigger than our office.
會(huì)議室比我們的辦公室大三倍。/會(huì)議室是我們辦公室的四倍大。
Our total income of 2006 increased three times more than that of 2004.
我們2006年的總收入比2004年的增加了兩倍。
3) 倍數(shù) + 名詞 ( 如：height, length，width，area等 ) (是…的…倍)
The moon is one-third the size of the earth.月亮是地球的三分之一那么大。
The new building is four times the height of the old one.
(=The height of the new building is four times that of the old one.)
這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(四倍高)�；�:這座樓比那座舊樓大三倍(高三倍)。
I wish I had twice his strength. (=I wish I was twice as strong as he. )
我真希望我的力量比他的大一倍。
SBⅠ Module 1
My First Day at Senior High
重點(diǎn)詞語精練
1. 單項(xiàng)選擇：
1) Despite such a big difference in ______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.
[2007年高考湖北卷]
A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight
2) Always read the ______on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
[2006年高考福建卷]
A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions
3) What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is ______ it is long.
[2005年高考福建卷]
A. half not as wide as B. not half as wide as
C. wide not as half as D. as wide as not half
4) The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed _______ my memory. [2003年上海高考春季卷]
A. to B. over C. by D. on
5) It's bad _______ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.
A. behavior B. action C. manner D. movement
6) The bank is equipped with new alarm ________. We can say it’s safe and reliable completely.
A. method B. way C. order D. system
7) The book is said to be a special one, which ______ many events not found in other history books.
A. prints B. covers C. refers D. reads
8) We _______the job ________five parts, and each man did one part.
A. divided; into B. separated ; into C. divided; from D. separated ; from
9)These two signatures (簽名) are so _____that it’s very difficult to ______ them apart.
A. the same…tell B. different…say C. similar…tell D. similarly… say
10) PE will be part of the high school graduation examinations. _________, you will have to be strong and healthy to graduate.
A. After all B. As a matter of fact C. In other words D. What’s more
11) If we are to develop the world successfully, we must make sure that everyone is able to ________ the new world we create.
A. join B. attend C. join in D. take part in
12) Well, the lecture by our Chinese teacher is really _________. You see, he has usually not been on with his lesson for fifteen minutes when half of the students are so _______ that they fell asleep.
A. boring; bored B. bored; bored C. bored; boring D. boring; boring
2. 選用方框內(nèi)所給的詞或詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空：（每空一詞）
technology；description; instruction; diploma; teenager; method; encouragement; assistant; system; correction
1) Taken according to the ____________, the medicine will have a positive effect on the child’s disease.
2) Modern ___________ makes it possible for people to live longer than before.
3) In school most children need _______________ rather than punishment.
4) You should use different __________ to solve different problems.
5) Tom gave the police a _____________ of his lost car.
6) Some people go back for their education to acquire another degree or _________ to impress the society.
7) Slavery is the ____________ by which some people are owned by others.
8) __________ should keep away from tobacco and alcohol.
9) Most customers prefer to choose cloth themselves, rather take the advice of the sale ___________.
10) The ___________ of all my mistakes took nearly an hour.
amaze; disappoint; impress; embarrass; cover; disappear; behave; similar; previous; enthusiastic
11) This job is open to all, regardless of their _________ experience.
12) After his _________ 8,000-mile voyage around the coastlines of New Zealand and Australia, Captain Cook continued to sail around the world.
13) Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise．___________, our minds are developed by learning．
14) Many students are very ___________ about school activities; one of the reasons is that they think learning from textbooks is not their only task.
15) No one believed his reason for being late that he was caught in a traffic jam, which made him ______________
16) He is a man who ___________ well. Each time we call on him, he sees us to the door and tells us to be careful of the cars coming and going on the streets.
17) How can you say that you really understand the whole story if you have ________ only part of the article?
18) Many beautiful fish are fast ___________ because of the severe pollution.
19) What ____________ me most was that they never lost heart even when they failed once again.
20) You will _____________ them if you don't go. They will be expecting you.
take part in; in other words; divide into; look forward to; far from
21) The interest shall be _________ _________ five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.
22) Everyone there _______ ______ _____ the fight against the flood, including old people.
23) This problem is ______ ______ being settled, so it has to be discussed again at tomorrow’s meeting.
24) The Chinese _______ _________ _______ ______ the first attempt to land on the moon after Shenzhou VI’s successful trip to space.
25) As the proverb says, “No one knows the value of health until he loses it.” _____ ______ _______, nothing is more valuable than health.
3. 根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子：（每空一詞）
1) 在老師的教導(dǎo)下，她的自信心逐漸增強(qiáng)了。
Under her teacher’s ___________, her self-confidence gradually _______.
2) 他臉上厭煩的表情表明他已經(jīng)對(duì)在此工作感到厭倦了。
The _______ expression on his face suggested that he had got ______ of the work here.
3) 她學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度非常積極，并且她熱心助人。
She shows a very positive _________ to her studies and she is also ____________ about helping others.
4) 這出戲枯燥得難以用語言來形容。
The play was ________ beyond __________.
5) 現(xiàn)代技術(shù)正被用來解決能源問題。
Modern ____________ is used to help solve _________ problems.
6) 在城里走時(shí)，城市的新容給我們留下深刻印象。
Walking around the city, we were __________ by the city's new _______.
7) 他總是很樂觀，總是在朋友情緒低落或消極時(shí)給他們鼓勵(lì)。
He is always optimistic, giving ____________ to his friends when they are ________ or negative.
8) 他是個(gè)心胸寬廣的人；決不會(huì)因?yàn)槟敲匆淮涡⌒〉氖《械绞?/p>
He’s a broad-minded person; he’ll never be ____________ by such a small ________．
9) 他把一部分精力用來學(xué)習(xí), 一部分用來鍛煉身體。
He _________ his energies _________ studies and taking exercise.
10) 風(fēng)景不如你描述的那么好。
The scene is __________ ________ what you __________.
Module 1 參考答案：
1. 1)-12) CBBDA DBACC DA
2. 1) instructions 2) technology 3) encouragement 4) methods 5) description
6) diploma 7) system 8) Teenagers 9) assistant 10) correction
11) previous 12) amazing 13) Similarly 14) enthusiastic 15) embarrassed
16) behaves 17) covered 18) disappearing 19) impressed 20) disappoint
21) divided into 22) took part in 23) far from 24) are looking forward to 25) In other words
3. 1) instruction; grew 2) bored; tired 3) attitude; enthusiastic 4) boring; description
5) technology; energy 6) impressed; look 7) encouragement ;upset / disappointed
8) disappointed; failure 9) divides; between 10) nothing like; described