2007-3-28
Teaching aims:
1, Encourage the Ss to raise reading ability by focusing on language points
2. Get the Ss to grasp the new language usage in the text by learning them.
Important points& difficult points
Important and difficult points: some sentences
Teaching procedures:
Step 1:詞匯詳解:
1．a(chǎn)nalysis
n．分析，分解 (p1. analyses)
make a careful analysis of the problem仔細(xì)分析這個(gè)問題
analyse = analyze vt．(analyses，analyzing)分析
We should analyse the causes of our failure．我們應(yīng)該分析失敗的原因。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
analyst n．分析家，分解者 in the last／final analysis總之
在英語(yǔ)中單數(shù)名詞以一sis結(jié)尾，變復(fù)數(shù)往往為一ses．例如：basis--bases基礎(chǔ) emphasis--emphases強(qiáng)調(diào)
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】 完成句子
1)We made a careful _________ of the problem．
2)We _______ the causes of our failure．
3)Here are the __________ of the sales figures．
2．value.
n．價(jià)值，估價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià)，價(jià)格
We must clearly know the value of good health． 我們必須清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到健康的重要性。
what is the value of your house?你的房子值多少錢?
Your help has been of great value(一very valuable)．你的幫助很有價(jià)值。
vt．估價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià)，重視
He valued the ring at$80．他估計(jì)這枚戒指值80美元。
I value your advice．我尊重你的勸告。
I value our friendship very much．我非常珍惜我們的友誼。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
valuable adj．有價(jià)值的 valueless adj．沒有價(jià)值的 '
priceless adj．無價(jià)的 worthless adj．不值的 values n．價(jià)值觀。
be of value-valuable．
to be good／excellent(bad／poor)很(不)劃算
be of little／some／no value具有很少價(jià)值／有些價(jià)值／沒有價(jià)值
value sth. at. money v. 估價(jià)
區(qū)別：value，price，cost
value指內(nèi)在價(jià)值，the value of American dollar美元的內(nèi)在價(jià)值；price指商品的價(jià)值
at a high price以高價(jià)；cost指制作的成本，at all costs不惜一切代價(jià)。
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】 1)單項(xiàng)填空
(1)Has this volume been good ___for your money? A．worth B．cost C．value D．price
(2)This fur coat is very ______ ．It would cost you a lot of money．
A．cost B．valuable C．value D．high
2)完成句子
(1)我一直都珍視與你的友誼。
I’ve always ________ __________ ____________ ．
(2)那所房子他給我估價(jià)80，000美元。
He __________ the house for me ____________ ____________.
(3)這些舊裝飾物不值錢。
The old ornaments ________ __________ __________ __________.
3．forecast n. 先見，預(yù)見，預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)測(cè)
make forecasts about sth．對(duì)……進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)
According to the weather forecast’a storm is on its way．天氣預(yù)報(bào)說有暴風(fēng)雨來襲。
vt．(forecast, forecast；forecasted，forecasted)預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)測(cè)
The teacher forecast that only one third of the students would pass the examination．
老師預(yù)計(jì)只有三分之一的學(xué)生將通過考試。
加前綴一fore表“在……之前；先發(fā)生的；在前面的；物體的前部”的詞還有：
____________(前額)；___________(前腿)；___________ (前足)；___________ (前臂)；___________ (祖先)： ___________ (預(yù)見)；___________ (預(yù)先付款)；___________ (預(yù)示)；___________ (前景；先見之明)； ___________預(yù)見者；(天氣)預(yù)報(bào)員
4. sort n．種類；類別vt. 將…分類；整理
【典型例句】
What sort of meat do you like best? 你最喜歡吃什么肉?
He is the sort of person I really dislike． 他這種人我真是不喜歡。
We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones．咱們得把好蘋果揀出來，同壞的分開。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
out of sorts身體不適 sort of=kind of有點(diǎn)；幾分
sort out整理；挑選出 sort out from把……從……挑出來
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】
(1)有各種各樣的工作你可以做。
There are ________ _________ _________ jobs you could do．
(2)你有沒有覺得不舒服?你看著有點(diǎn)不對(duì)勁。
Are you feeling all right? You look a bit _______ ________ ________.
(3)天有點(diǎn)晚了。
It’s ________ __________ late．
(4)整理我們的全部行李花了不少時(shí)間。
It took a while to _______ _________ all our luggage．
(5)柜櫥該整理一下了。
The cupboard ________ _________ _________.
(6)我把這個(gè)問題交給你來處理。
I’11 leave you to _______ _______ ________ _________.
(7)你難道不會(huì)區(qū)分好壞嗎?
Can’t you ________ _________ _________ _________ __________?
5．useless adj．無用的，無益的
【相關(guān)鏈接】
be useless to sb．對(duì)某人沒用
It is useless for sb．to do sth．(人)做……是沒用的
uselessly adv．無益地，無用地 uselessness以．無用
useful adj．有用的，有益的 usefully adv．有用地，有效地
usefulness以．有用，有效性
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】 漢譯英
1)跟他談是沒用的。________________________________________________________.
2)這些書對(duì)我都沒用。______________________________________________________.
6．tie n．領(lǐng)帶：紐帶；聯(lián)系；束縛v．系；捆
【典型例句】
He was still a young man and he did not want any ties．他還年輕，不想有任何束縛。
She tied the newspapers in a bundle．她把報(bào)紙?jiān)梢焕Α?/p>
He had to tie his hands together．他不得不把他的雙手綁在一起。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
(1)Have tie with… 與…有關(guān)系
(2)tie in with sth．和……相符；相配
(3)tie…to…把……拴在……
(4)tie up捆起；拴住
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】1)完成句子
(1)這家商行與一家美國(guó)公司關(guān)系密切。
The firm_____ ______ ______with an American corporation．
(2)把你的鞋帶系好。________ _______ your shoelaces.
7．common adj．常見的；普通的；一般的
【典型例句】
Rabbits and foxes are common in Britain．兔子與狐貍在英國(guó)十分常見j
HOW will these changes affect the common sense? 這些變化會(huì)怎樣影響一般人呢?
【相關(guān)鏈接】
common，usual， regular與ordinary
common普通的；常見的；共同的；共有的。
usual通常的；習(xí)慣的；經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事，如自然發(fā)生的事、根據(jù)社會(huì)或個(gè)人習(xí)慣所做的事情。
regular通常的；常例的；強(qiáng)調(diào)遵循事物既定的或自然規(guī)律。
ordinary普通的；平凡的；強(qiáng)調(diào)普通；尋常以及缺乏優(yōu)越的性質(zhì)。
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】
用common, usual, regular, ordinary填空
(1)He was asked the ________questions by the police．
(2)Sunday is a _______holiday．
(3)The book describes the way of lire of the_______ people of Mexico． 、
(4)It’s _______ knowledge among people that there will be an election．
8．remain vi．保持；仍然是；剩下；余留；仍待；尚需. (后可接名詞,形容詞,動(dòng)名詞,動(dòng)詞不定式等.)
【典型例句】
He remained sitting when the teacher came in．當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來時(shí)，他依然坐著。
Country music today remains much the same as before．今日鄉(xiāng)村音樂同過去差不多。
The door remains closed．門是關(guān)著的。
注意：remain作“仍然是，一直保持”講，實(shí)為系動(dòng)詞其后可接形容詞、名詞、分詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式分別作其表語(yǔ)。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
(1)remainder n．剩下的人；事物或時(shí)間；剩余部分
Ten people came but the remainder stayed away. 來了十個(gè)人，其余的沒來。
(2)remaining adj．剩余的。
The remaining food belongs to you. 剩下的食物歸你。
(3)remains n．(常用復(fù)數(shù))所剩下的，遺留的東西剩余物；殘骸
His remains are buried in the churchyard．他的遺體埋葬在教堂的墓地里。
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】 完成句子
(1)只剩下十分鐘了。 There were only ten minutes ____________.
(2)你說的對(duì)不對(duì)還有待于證實(shí)。
It _______ _______ ________ ________whether you are right．
(3)雨很大，但他仍然站在那兒。
It was raining heavily but he remained _________ there．
2)同義旬轉(zhuǎn)換
A：What will you do with the money left?
B：What will you do with ________ __________ __________ .
9．a(chǎn)dvantage n．有利條件；有利因素；優(yōu)勢(shì)
【典型例句】
Being tall gave him an advantage over the other players．他個(gè)子高，比其他運(yùn)動(dòng)員有利。
Is there any advantage in getting there early? 早到那里是否有利?
Each Of these systems have its advantages and disadvantages．這些系統(tǒng)各有其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。
【相關(guān)鏈接】 ，
(1)to one’S advantage對(duì)……有利
It would be to your advantage to attend the meeting． 參加這次會(huì)議對(duì)你有利。
(2)take advantage of利用
She took advantage of the children’S absence to tidy their rooms．
她趁孩子們不在時(shí)收拾了他們的房間。
(3)be at an advantage處于優(yōu)勢(shì)地位 (4)have the advantage of利用
(5)advantageous adj．有利的；有好處的 (6)advantaged．a(chǎn)dj．處于優(yōu)勢(shì)的
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】完成句子
(1)新規(guī)章制度將對(duì)我們有利。
Eventually，the new regulations will________ ________ ___________ _________.
(2)我們充分享用了旅館設(shè)施。
We _______ _________ ___________ __________ the hotel facilities．
(3)他具有受過良好教育的有利條件；
He _______ ________ ___________ _________ a good education．
(4)自由貿(mào)易協(xié)議對(duì)兩國(guó)都有利。
A free trade agreement would ____________ ___________ ___________ both countries．
10．judge vt．判斷；鑒別；審理；裁判；裁決，n．法官；裁判員；審判員
【典型例句】
I judged him to be about 50． 我估計(jì)他年齡在50左右。
The judges’decision is final． 裁判的決定為最終決定。
The judge sentenced him to five years in prison． 法官判他五年監(jiān)禁。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
(1)judging from根據(jù)……判斷
Judging from his words，he has known the truth． 從他的話判斷，他已經(jīng)知道真相了。
(2)as far as can be judged／as far as one can judge 據(jù)判斷；據(jù)認(rèn)為
As far as l can judge，all of them are to blame．依我看，他們都應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任。
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】
(1) _________ from his looks，he is a kind man．
A．Judging B．Being judged C．Judged D．Judge
(2)The performance was good when ________ by usual standards．
A．judging B．being judged C．judge D．judged
(3)I judge _______ better to tell her．
A．it B．that C．this D．／
11．occur vi 發(fā)生；存在；想起；被想到；出現(xiàn)在頭腦中常與to連用 (occurred, occurred)
A number of changes occurred in these years． 近年來，發(fā)生了很大的變化。
It didn’t occur to me that you would object． 我沒想到你會(huì)反對(duì)。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
Sth. occur to sb. = sth. come to sb. ……突然被想到
An excellent idea occurred to me．我突然想到一個(gè)主意。
it occurs to somebody (that) = it occurs to somebody to do something剛想到，突然想到
It occurred to me that 1 would travel to Europe．我忽然想去歐洲旅游。
It never occurred to me to phone you．我根本沒想到要打電話給你。
occurrence n．發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生的事情。
It’s really an unfortunate occurrence． 這真是不幸的事情。
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】
我突然有個(gè)念頭我要試試.( 漢譯英,用兩種句式翻譯)
_____________________________________________________________________.
= ____________________________________________________________________.
12．present vt．提出;呈送;贈(zèng)送;授予adj．出席的;到場(chǎng)的;現(xiàn)在的n．禮物;現(xiàn)在;目前
【典型例句】
The students presented the teacher with a bunch of flowers．學(xué)生們送給那位老師一束花。
The English spoken in the past was different from the present day English．
過去講的英語(yǔ)和今天的英語(yǔ)有所不同。
They exchanged presents at the farewell party．他們?cè)诟鎰e晚會(huì)上交換禮物。
【知識(shí)小結(jié)】
present用作形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果表示“現(xiàn)在；當(dāng)前”的意思時(shí)，往往用作前置定語(yǔ)．當(dāng)表示“出席；到場(chǎng)”的意思時(shí)，用作后置定語(yǔ)，如：
the present international situation 當(dāng)前國(guó)際形式
the people present at the meeting 出席會(huì)議的人們
【相關(guān)鏈接】
at present 現(xiàn)在 for the present 暫時(shí)
present oneself 出席 present sb．with sth．贈(zèng)給某人某物
presently立刻；馬上 presenter n．節(jié)目主持人
presentation n. 表演；演出
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】
1)單項(xiàng)填空
(1)Let’s leave the things as they are ______; we can always make changes later on if necessary．
A．for the present B．a(chǎn)t present C．to the present D．up to the present
(2)She never seems at ease ________ ．
A．in my presence B．with my presence C．with presence of mind D．a(chǎn)t my presence
(3)It’s unfair to discuss his case if he is not ________ ．
A．present B．presently C．a(chǎn)bsent D．presence
2)完成句子
(1)他現(xiàn)在很忙，不能見你。
He is busy_______ _________ and can’t see you．
(2)當(dāng)前國(guó)際形勢(shì)十分復(fù)雜。 ，
The _________ __________ situation is very complicated．
13．a(chǎn)ccustomed adj．習(xí)慣于：適應(yīng)了的 ?
【相關(guān)鏈接】
(1) be/become/get accustomed to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于……
be accustomed to有時(shí)可以與be used to互換
(2) accustom v. 使…習(xí)慣于;養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣; 常與to(介詞)連用
accustom oneself to doing使自己習(xí)慣于……
14．a(chǎn)dvantage n．優(yōu)勢(shì)，有利條件，利益
This school has many advantages．這所學(xué)校有許多的有利條件。
【相關(guān)鏈接】
have the advantage of勝過，占優(yōu)勢(shì)
to one’s advantage／disadvantage／to the advantage／disadvantage of sb
對(duì)某人有利／不利的
take advantage of sth．利用某事物take advantage of sb．欺騙(捉弄)某人
反義詞：disadvantage”不利，不利條件，損害，損失
【練習(xí)檢測(cè)】 完成句子
1)We _______ ________ _________ (利用)the fine weather to go on hiking．
2)It’ll _______ ________ _________ _________ (對(duì)你有好處)to study abroad．
15．a(chǎn)ddress 發(fā)表演說；寫姓名地址；把信寫給…；稱呼；致力于,著手
He addressed an audience of 10,000 supporters.
I’m afraid I have addressed the parcel wrongly. 把包裹上收件人的地址寫錯(cuò)了.
The president should be addressed as ‘Mr. President’. 被稱呼為總統(tǒng)先生
address a problem /question/ issue etc : start to solve a problem
Our products address the needs of real users.
He ignored the side issues and addressed himself to handling the main problems.致力于
Step 2:難句分析
1．When people are in need of information，from current affairs and weather forecasts to travel and academic research，the Internet is now the first place that many people turn to．(page 34,lines 7---9)
從時(shí)事新聞、天氣預(yù)報(bào)。到包價(jià)旅游、學(xué)術(shù)研究。當(dāng)人們需求信息時(shí)。因特網(wǎng)現(xiàn)在已是許多人的首選。
【剖析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，when people are in need of information，from current affairs and weather forecasts to travel and academic research是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，that many people turn to是定語(yǔ)從句。
【歸納】
(1)in need of需要
The army is in great need of food at present．目前部隊(duì)急需食品。
(2)There is no need to…沒必要……
There is no need to tell him．沒有必要告訴他。
(3)turn to sb．(for help)求助于
The child turned tO his mother for help with his homework．
那孩子讓媽媽幫助解決自己家庭作業(yè)中的困難。
2．With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse，a student can acquire knowledge from the information held in the largest libraries and museums in the world。whether he or she lives in a small village or downtown in a big city．(page34，lines 9--12)
無論是住在小村莊。還是住在大城市的市中心。學(xué)生們只要敲擊一下鍵盤按鈕或者是點(diǎn)擊一下鼠標(biāo)，就可以獲得世界上最大的圖書館或博物館中所儲(chǔ)存的信息。
【剖析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，whether he or she lives in a small village or downtown in a big city是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
【歸納】
acquire v．獲得；習(xí)得 acquisition n. 獲得,所獲之物
By working hard for a year，Thomson had acquired a passing knowledge of Chinese．
通過一年的刻苦學(xué)習(xí)，湯姆森的漢語(yǔ)水平達(dá)到了說得過去的程度。
3．The disadvantage，though，is that it is difficult to judge whether the information is true and accurate．(page35。lines 38-39)
然而。缺點(diǎn)就是我們很難判斷這些信息，是不是正確、準(zhǔn)確的。
【剖析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，that it is difficult to judge whether the information is true and accurate是表語(yǔ)從句，其中包含著一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句whether the information is true and accurate；though是連詞，承上句，表轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“然而；可是”。
【歸納】
though用作連詞，表示“雖然；盡管；即使；可是；然而”。
Anne was fond of Tim，though he often annoyed her．安妮喜歡蒂姆，雖然他經(jīng)常使她心煩。
4．This requires you to be patient as you have to read the information to decide whether it is related to what you are researching．(page 46。lines 18一19)
這要求你必須耐心。因?yàn)槟阒挥凶x了這些信息。你才能判定這與你正在研究的是不是有關(guān)系。
【剖析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，as you have to read the information to decide whether it is related to what you are researching．是原因狀語(yǔ)從句；其中又包括了一個(gè)whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，在賓語(yǔ)從句中，what you are searching作to的賓語(yǔ)。
【歸納】
be related to…和……有關(guān)
She is related to me by marriage． 她與我有姻親關(guān)系。