初一英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
總結(jié)是在某一特定時(shí)間段對學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活或其完成情況,包括取得的成績、存在的問題及得到的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)加以回顧和分析的書面材料,寫總結(jié)有利于我們學(xué)習(xí)和工作能力的提高,不妨坐下來好好寫寫總結(jié)吧。但是卻發(fā)現(xiàn)不知道該寫些什么,下面是小編整理的初一英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié),供大家參考借鑒,希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
初一英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)1
過去分詞作表語并無“完成”或“被動(dòng)”之意,而是表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。如:
He looked worried after reading the letter.看完信后,他顯得很憂慮。
When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.當(dāng)我們聽到這件事時(shí),被深深地感動(dòng)了。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea.聽到這個(gè)想法,他似乎很高興。
常見的作表語的過去分詞有:
amused(愉快的); broken(碎了的);closed(關(guān)閉的);astonished(吃驚的);crowded(擁擠的);experienced(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的); delighted(高興的);lost(丟失的);gone(遺失的);disappointed(失望的);worried(擔(dān)憂的);interested(感興趣的) tired(疲勞的) pleased(高興的);satisfied(滿意的); surprised(吃驚的); married(已婚的); known(著名的)等等
初一英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)2
過去分詞作定語往往與被修飾的詞靠得很緊,漸漸地成為一個(gè)復(fù)合詞。這種分詞叫分詞形容詞(the Participle Adjective),實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)單純的形容詞,除表示“完成”的.動(dòng)作之外,還表示“被動(dòng)”的意義。如:
spoken English (英語口語);iced beer (冰凍啤酒);cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆條);
但要注意不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞常表示“完成”的動(dòng)作,而不表示“被動(dòng)”意義。如: boiled water(開水); fallen leaves(落葉) ; the risen sun(升起的太陽)等。
(1)前置定語單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ed形式,一般放在被修飾的名詞的前面,作前置定語。
The excited people rushed into building.激動(dòng)的人們沖進(jìn)大樓。(=the people who were excited)
Lost time can never be found again.虛度的時(shí)光,無法挽回。(=time which is lost)
(2)后置定語①少數(shù)單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定語。
1. Everything used should be marked.所有用過的東西應(yīng)該做好標(biāo)記。
2. Among the invited were some ladies.被邀請的人中,有些是女士。
3. The books left are for my students.剩下的書是給我的學(xué)生的。
、趧(dòng)詞-ed形式短語作定語時(shí),通常要放在被修飾的名詞的后面,在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語用來表示被動(dòng),可改為帶被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句;不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(僅限于單個(gè)過去分詞,且不能后置)則表示完成,可改為帶有完成時(shí)態(tài)的定語從句。
1. Is there anything planned for tonight?今晚有什么活動(dòng)嗎? (=that has been planned for tonight)
2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success.這次會(huì)議有很多人出席,開得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people)
3.We drank some boiled water (=which had boiled )and went on with our work.我們喝了一些開水后就繼續(xù)工作。
注意:這里的過去分詞的邏輯主語應(yīng)是被修飾的詞,改為定語從句時(shí)關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)與之一致。
初一英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)3
能用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞,表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成意義,有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之。作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,即賓語是過去分詞動(dòng)作的對象。
She found the door broken in when she came back.她回來時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)有人破門而人。
My grandfather had his old house rebuilt.我爺爺找人重修了一下他的舊房子。
少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞用作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成后的狀態(tài).
They found all the guests gone when they woke up.當(dāng)他們醒來時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的客人都走了。
動(dòng)詞-ed形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的基本用法
動(dòng)詞的-ed形式可以在“主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”句型中充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語。在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,動(dòng)詞-ed形式和它前面的賓語構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。如果這種句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài),原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變成了主語補(bǔ)足語。
1. I must get my bike repaired.我必須請人修理自行車。(賓語補(bǔ)足語)
2. The girl was found beaten black and blue.人們發(fā)現(xiàn)那女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊。(主語補(bǔ)足語)
(1)動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語,這類動(dòng)詞包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。
We thought the game lost.我們認(rèn)為球賽輸了。
I have never heard him spoken ill of others.我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。
They considered the matter settled.他們認(rèn)為這問題解決了。
(2)動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語,這類動(dòng)詞包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。
I have my hair cut once a month.我每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。
He was trying to make himself understood.他正努力使別人聽懂自己。
“have+賓語+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個(gè)含義:
、(請人)把某事做完。She had her house repaired.她請人把屋子修好了。
Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪兒理的發(fā)?
、谠庥瞿撤N意外情況。He had his hat blown away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
She had her wallet stolen yesterday.昨天她的錢包被偷了。
、弁瓿赡呈(自己也可能參與)。I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected.我把所有的拼寫錯(cuò)誤都改正了。
He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.他今年已存了1000元。
(3)動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語,這類動(dòng)詞包括like,want, wish, expect, order等”這一類動(dòng)詞的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜歡在會(huì)議上討論這樣的問題。
The students wish the TV serial plays continued.學(xué)生們希望電視連續(xù)劇繼續(xù)播下去。
(4)過去分詞用在“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,過去分詞與賓語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.小偷被帶進(jìn)來了,雙手被反綁在后面。
初一英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)4
1.過去分詞作狀語表示被動(dòng)或完成,但有些過去分詞(短語)因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語時(shí)不表動(dòng)作而表狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞(短語)常見的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); absorbed in (全神貫注于); dressed in (穿著); tired of (厭煩)等。如:
Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.因?yàn)槌两谒伎贾?所以他沒聽到那個(gè)聲音。
2.過去分詞作狀語來源于狀語從句,在句中一般能作五種狀語,即時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步和方式狀語。如:
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.因?yàn)榱芰艘粓龃笥,所以他全身濕透了?/p>
(Caught in a heavy rain相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句Because he was caught in a heavy rain)
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果種在肥沃的土壤里,這些種子能長得很快。
(Grown in rich soil相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句If these seeds are grown in rich soil)
注意:
、佼(dāng)從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí),才可以把從句的主語省略,且省略掉的主語與其邏輯謂語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系或如第一段中所講的表示狀態(tài)。
②把狀語從句改為過去分詞作狀語時(shí)有時(shí)還可保留連詞,構(gòu)成“連詞+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語,即“while (when, once, until, if, though等連詞)+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.當(dāng)你做體格檢查時(shí)要保持鎮(zhèn)定。
Though beaten by the opposite team, the players didn’t lose heart.
盡管這些球員被對方球隊(duì)打敗了,但他們并沒有灰心。
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