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英語動(dòng)詞語態(tài)-動(dòng)名詞表被動(dòng)含義
動(dòng)詞語態(tài)是指特殊的動(dòng)詞形式,用以表示動(dòng)作的主語和賓語之間的關(guān)系。以下是小編為大家收集的英語動(dòng)詞語態(tài)-動(dòng)名詞表被動(dòng)含義,歡迎閱讀,希望大家能夠喜歡。
1)在need,want,require,deserve和bear等詞的.后面,動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義,其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。如:
The house needs repairing(to be repaired).這房子需要修理。
My clothes need washing(to be washed).我的衣服需要洗了。
2)形容詞worth后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義,但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式;而worthy后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。如:
The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)這本畫冊(cè)很值得一讀。
Such a man as Mr.Smith is not worth helping.(=Such a man as Mr.Smith is not worthy to be helped.)像史密斯先生那樣的人不值得幫助。
This plan is not worth considering.(=This plan is not worthy to be considered.)這個(gè)計(jì)劃不值得考慮。
3)某些動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義
a.當(dāng)nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult, important,impossible,pleasant, interesting等形容詞后跟不定式作狀語,而句子的主語又是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語時(shí),這時(shí)常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。如:
Japanese is not difficult to learn.日語并不難學(xué)。(指日語被學(xué))
The water is unfit to drink.這水不適合喝。(指水被喝)
The piece of music is pleasant to hear.這首音樂聽起來很悅耳。(指音樂被聽)
This book is easy to read.這本書讀起來很容易。(指書被讀)
b.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后面作定語,不定式和名詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如:
I have a lot of work to do today.我今天有很多工作要做。(work to do指被做的工作)
He has three children to look after.他有三個(gè)孩子要照看。(children to look after指孩子被照看)
注意:如果以上句型用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式,其含義有所區(qū)別。如:
I have some clothes to be washed.我有些要洗的衣服。(衣服不是自己洗)
c.在there be...句型中,當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式修飾名詞作定語時(shí),不定式用主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)式,其含義沒有什么區(qū)別。如:
There is a lot of homework to do(to be done).有很多家庭作業(yè)要做。
There are some clothes to wash(to be washed).有些衣服要洗。
4)由介詞for,on,above,under等構(gòu)成的短語有時(shí)可以表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。如:
His paintings will be on show tomorrow afternoon.=His paintings will be shown tomorrow afternoon.他的油畫作品明天下午展出。
5)表示感官意義的連系動(dòng)詞如smell,feel,taste,look,sound等在句子中常表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。如:
How nice the music sounds!這音樂聽起來多悅耳!
Good medicine tastes bitter.良藥苦口。
Our school looks more beautiful than before.我們學(xué)?瓷先ケ纫郧案亮。
英語語法:動(dòng)詞語態(tài)(主動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動(dòng)含義)
1. 有些動(dòng)詞和well, badly, easily等副詞連用時(shí),表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能
常見的有:
write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等。
This kind of pens writes very smoothly.
2. 感官類系動(dòng)詞look, sound, taste, smell, feel等系動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義
School uniforms look great on sun.
The cake smells delicious.
3. be worth doing用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義
This film is worth seeing.
4. want/need/require+doing相當(dāng)于want/need/require to be done
My bike needs repairing.
=My bike needs to be repaired.
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